TREE SPARROW. 505 



A specimen sent by him in spirits has the palate ascending oblique- 

 ly, and of the usual appearance, the upper mandible beneath with a mid- 

 dle prominent line and two broad ridges, which at the base form a hard 

 flattened prominence, similar to that of the true Bimting, but not so 

 elevated. Tongue 4;^ twelfths long, about as deep as broad, fleshy and 

 convex at the base above, channelled toward the end, which is pointed 

 and horny. Width of mouth 3^ twelfths. CEsophagus 2 inches 



1 twelfth long, dilated on the middle of the neck into a large crop, 

 5 twelfths in width, which winds round into the hollow of the neck be- 

 hind. Stomach roundish, placed obliquely, 6 twelfths long, 7^ twelfths 

 broad ; its lateral muscles very large, as are the tendons ; the epithe- 

 lium dense and longitudinally rugous. The stomach filled with seeds 

 and sand, and the crop partially filled with the former. The intestine 

 is 7 inches long, from 2 twelfths to 1 twelfth in width ; the coeca 



2 twelfths long ^ twelfth width, 10 twelfths from the extremity. 



The trachea is 1 inch 8 twelfths long, nearly 1 twelfth in breath ; 

 its rings 75, firm and considerably flattened. Inferior laryngeal mus- 

 cles small. Bronchi of about 12 half rings. 



SNOW BIRD. 



Fringilla hyemalis, Linn. 



PLATE XIII. Vol. I. p. 72. 



It now appears that the principal breeding places of this species 

 are in the range of the Alleghany Mountains, and their spurs, com- 

 mencing in the State of Virginia, and continuing eastward. It is merely 

 a simimer resident in the Fur Coimtries, where it is not common, and 

 where it was not met with by Dr Richardson beyond the 57th paral- 

 lel. I did not find it in Labrador, nor does it occm' on the Rocky 

 Mountains, where it seems to be represented by Fringilla oregona. My 

 friend Dr Bachman has seen it in the breeding season (June) in the 

 mountainous districts of Virginia, in considerable numbers. At this 

 season it has a sweet note. In July the young were full grown, and 

 kept among the huckle-berry bushes. It arrives in South Carolina in 



