538 THREE-TOED WOODPECKER. 



cles are inserted in front of the trachea on its third and fourth rings. 

 The cleido-tracheal muscles, instead of being inserted upon the furcula, 

 pass over its angle, and run down on the edge of the crest of the ster- 

 num all the way to its posterior extremity. 



The width of the mouth is 5 twelfths. The oesophagus is 3 inches 

 long, funnel-shaped at first, but for the greater part only 1^ twelfth 

 in width. The proventriculus is very much enlarged, as in the other 

 species. The stomach is an irregularly elliptical gizzard, of moderate 

 strength, 7^ twelfths long, 5^ twelfths in breadth ; the right muscle 

 much larger than the left ; the epithelium thin and rugous, as in the 

 other species. The stomach is partially filled with insects. The in- 

 testine is 9 inches long, from 2^ twelfths to 2 twelfths in width ; the 

 cloaca oblong, 4 twelfths in width. There are no coeca. 



The trachea is 2 inches 1 twelfth long, considerably flattened, its 

 rings 70, with 2 large dimidiate rings. The muscles as in the other 

 species. Bronchi of moderate length, narrow, with 12 slender carti- 

 laginous half rings. 



THREE-TOED WOODPECKER. 



PiCUS TRIDACTYLUS, BoNAP. 

 PLATE CXXXII. Vol. II. p. 197. 



An e,g^ sent to Dr T. M. Brewer from Coventry in Vermont, as 

 that of the Three-toed Woodpecker, measures five-sixths of an inch in 

 length and five-eighths in breadth. It is thus nearly spherical, and its 

 white ground is covered pretty equally with reddish-brown spots. 



In a specimen preserved in spirits, the tongue is 1 inch 2 twelfths 

 long, its horny point 7i twelfths, tapering, and margined toward the 

 extremity with a few reversed bristles. OEsophagus 3| inches long, its 

 width nearly uniformly 2 twelfths ; proventriculus 3 twelfths. Sto- 

 mach roundish, 7 twelfths long, 7 twelfths in breadth ; its lateral mus- 

 cles well developed ; the epithelium longitudinally rugous, and^ reddish- 

 brown. Intestine 10 inches long, 3 twelfths in width in the duodenal 



