CANADA GOOSE. 609 



ture of the nares is oblongo-linear, 1^ inch in length. The oesophagus, a b 

 c d, is 22 inches long ; for 12 inches its width is only 9 twelfths, but on en- 

 tering the thorax it expands, at b, to 1/j inch, then contracts a little, in 

 the pro ventricular portion, c d, again enlarges to 1^ inch, and finally to If 

 inch. The stomach, defg, is an extremely developed gizzard, of a trans- 

 versely elliptical form, placed obliquely, 4^ inches in breadth, 2 inches 

 10 twelfths in length ; the left muscle 1 inch 9 twelfths thick, the right 

 2 inches ; the epithelium forms two transversely, elliptical, concave, 

 grinding surfaces, of great density (but is altogether wanting on the 

 rest of the inner siu^ace, although this may have happened after death). 

 The proventricular glands are very small, cylindrical, 2\ twelfths in 

 length, and form a belt 2 inches in breadth. The duodenum curves 

 at the distance of 8 inches, and there are formed 12 folds by the in- 

 testine, which is 10 feet in length, 10 twelfths in width at the upper 

 part, afterwards 7| twelfths, until towards the rectum, when it enlarges 

 to 9 twelfths. The cceca are 9^ inches long, 7 twelfths in their great- 

 est width, but only 2 twelfths at the commencement, their extremity 

 narrow but obtuse. The rectum is 8^ inches long ; there is no remark- 

 able cloacal enlargement. 



The sternum is very similar to that of a Swan ; its length 6^ inches, 

 its breadth at the anterior costal processes 3 inches ; the height of the 

 crest 1 inch 10 twelfths. The liver is small, the left lobe, which is 3 

 inches in length, covering but a very small portion of the stomach ; the 

 right lobe is 5 inches in length ; the gall-bladder 2 inches 9 twelfths in 

 length, 8 twelfths in breadth, but contracted to 3 twelfths at the dis- 

 tance of 10 twelfths from the extremity, where it enlarges to about 5 

 twelfths. The heart is 3 inches long, 2^ inches in breadth at the base. 



The trachea measures 20| inches in length. At first it inclines a 

 little to the left side, then on the anterior concave curve of the neck 

 passes gradually to the right side, along which it proceeds as far as the 

 lower part of the convex cm-ve, when it separates in front from the 

 neck, and forms a loop or abrupt curve, which is attached to the ante- 

 rior part of the sternum, between the coracoid bones, thus approximat- 

 ing to the trachea of the Swans, but not entering the crest of the ster- 

 num. It then passes directly along the spine to behind the middle of 

 the heart, where it bifurcates. In this respect also it is singular, in 

 being more elongated than in the other species, of which the bifurcation 

 is considerably anterior to the heart. At the commencement its 



VOL. V. Q q 



