MANUFACTURE OF ANOTHER WORLD. 169 



they live among the graves. At a later period the 

 savage invents a world to which the ghosts depart, 

 and in which they reside. It is situated under 

 ground. In that world the ghosts live precisely as 

 they lived on earth. There is no retribution and 

 no reward for the actions of the earthly life ; that 

 life is merely continued in another region of the 

 world. Death is in fact regarded as a migration in 

 which, as in all migrations, the emigrants preserve 

 their relative positions. When a man of importance 

 dies, his family furnish him with an outfit of slaves 

 and wives, and pack up in his grave his arms and 

 ornaments and clothes, that he may make his appear- 

 ance in the under -world in a manner befitting his 

 rank and fortune. It is believed that the souls of the 

 clothes, as well as of the persons sacrificed, accompany 

 him there ; and it is sometimes believed that all the 

 clothes which he has worn in his life will then have 

 their resurrection day. 



The under-world and the upper-world are governed 

 by the same gods, or unseen kings. Man's life in the 

 upper-world is short : his life in the under-world is 

 long. But as regards the existence of the worlds 

 themselves, both are eternal, without beginning and 

 without end. This idea is not a creation of the 

 ripened intellect as is usually supposed. It is a product 

 of limited experience, the expression of a seeming fact. 

 The savage did not see the world begin : therefore it 

 had no beginning. He has not seen it grow older : 

 therefore it will have no end. 



The two worlds adjoin each other, and the frontier 

 between them is very faintly marked. The gods often 

 dress themselves in flesh and blood and visit the 

 earth to do evil or to do good : to make love to 



