SADDUCEES. 207 



the conservative Scripture and original Mosaic school. 

 As the Protestants reject the traditions of the 

 ancient Church, some of which have doubtless de- 

 scended viva voce from the apostolic times ; so all 

 traditions, good and bad, were rejected by the Sad- 

 ducees. As Protestants always inquire respecting a 

 custom or doctrine, " Is it in the Bible ?" so the Sad- 

 ducees would accept nothing that could not be shown 

 them in the law. They did not believe in heaven and 

 hell, because there was nothing about heaven and hell 

 in the books of Moses. The morality which their 

 doctors preached was cold and pure, and adapted only 

 for enlightened minds. They taught that men should 

 be virtuous without the fear of punishment, and with- 

 out the hope of reward : and that such virtue alone is 

 of any worth. 



The Pharisees were mostly persons of low birth. 

 They were the prominent representatives of the popu- 

 lar belief : zealots in patriotism, as well as in religion : 

 the teaching, the preaching, and the proselytising 

 party. Among them were to be found two kinds of 

 men. Those Puritans of the Commonwealth with 

 lank hair, and sour visage, and upturned eyes, who 

 wore sombre garments, and sniffled through their 

 noses, and garnished their discourse with Scripture 

 texts, were an exact reproduction, so far as the diffe- 

 rence of place and period would allow, of certain Jeru- 

 salem Pharisees who veiled their faces when they went 

 abroad lest they should behold a woman or some un- 

 clean thing ; who strained the water which they drank 

 for fear they should swallow the forbidden gnat ; who 

 gave alms to the sound of trumpet, and uttered 

 long prayers in a loud voice ; who wore texts em- 

 broidered on their robes and bound upon their brows ; 



