ORIGIN OF JEALOUSY. 455 



circle to the negroes of Gaboon. By the continued 

 selection of long-haired wives the flowing tresses of 

 the sex have bean produced. In the same manner the 

 elegance of the female form, its softness of complexion, 

 its gracefulness of curve are not less our creation than 

 the symmetry and speed of the racehorse, the magni- 

 ficence of garden flowers, and the flavour of orchard 

 fruits. Even the reserved demeanour of women, their 

 refined sentiments, their native modesty, their sub- 

 lime unselfishness, and power of self-control are partly 

 due to us. The wife was at first a domestic animal like 

 a dog or a horse. She could not be used without the 

 consent of the proprietor ; but he was always willing 

 to let her out for hire. Among savages it is usually the 

 duty of the host to lend a wife to his stranger guest, 

 and if the loan is declined the husband considers him- 

 self insulted. Adultery is merely a question of debt. 

 The law of debt is terribly severe : the body of the 

 insolvent belongs to the creditor to sell or to kill. 

 But no other feelings are involved in the question. 

 The injured husband is merely a creditor, and is always 

 pleased that the debt has been incurred. Petitioner 

 and co-respondent may often be seen smoking a 

 friendly pipe together after the case has been proved 

 and the money has been paid. However, as the 

 intelligence expands and the sentiments become more 

 refined, marriage is hallowed by religion ; adultery is 

 regarded as a shame to the husband, and a sin against 

 the gods ; and a new feeling — Jealousy — enters for the 

 first time the heart of man. The husband desires to 

 monopolise his wife, body and soul. He intercepts 

 her glances; he attempts to penetrate into her thoughts. 

 He covers her with clothes ; he hides even her face 

 from the public gaze. His jealousy, not only anxious 



