THE GORGONIANS OF THE BRAZILIAN COAST. 395 



The scaphoids are often girdled or indented on the convex side, with two or 

 three low humps on each half. Each edge may have a row of three or four warts. 

 The concave side has about four pairs of large warts. 



The color of our specimens, when dry, is a delicate dull yellow, similar to 

 pale ocher-yellow. The main stem and base are usually partly purple; some- 

 times the branches are tinged by purple spicules. 



Periperf, Bahia, Brazil. Coll. Richard Rathbun, 187C. No. 4506, Yale 

 Museum. Abrolhos Reefs, C. F. Hartt, 1867. According to ProfeMor Hartt , t hi 

 form is very common from Cape Frio to Pernambuco. Particularly al mndant at 

 the Abrolhos, Guarapary, Port Seguro, Bahia, and Victoria Bay. It ranj!Qt from 

 low-tide to 6 feet depth or more, and also at times occurs in tide-pools. In lift 

 it is yellow or pink. 



Phyllogorgia quercifolia, variety lacerate Verrill. 



Plate XXX, figure 4 (general figure, reduced). Plate XXXI I, figure 2 

 (branches of the same). Plate XXXIII, figure 2 (spiculoB of the same). 



The type of this variety has the fronds reduced to a sort of skeleton, th< 

 divisions between the lobes becoming so large and deep that they reach pearly 

 to the axis of the branches, leaving only a rather narrow foliated strip of the 

 ccenenchyma on each side. In some parts this is further reduced, so that some 

 of the smaller branches are nearly terete, or no more flattened than in the section 

 Pterogorgia of Gorgonia, thus showing the close affinity between Phyllogorgia 

 and typical Gorgonia. 



The spicules are white, but essentially the same in form as in the variety 

 quercifolia, though rather smaller. 



The slender double-spindles measure 0.20 X 0.06; 0.18 X 0.05; 0.16 X 0.06; 

 0.17X0.05; 0.15X0.05; stouter double-spindles, 0.16X0.06; 0.13X0.06; 

 scaphoids, 0.11 X 0.06; 0.11 X 0.05; crosses, 0.16 X 0.16 mm. 



Total height, 220 mm. ; breadth, 200 mm. The color of the type, as dried, wai 

 nearly white. 



Periperf, Bahia, Brazil. Coll. Richard Rathbun. Type, No. 4505. 



Phyllogorgia frondosa Verrill, sp. nov. 



Plate XXXI, figure 2 (general figure of No. 1514, reduced). Plate XXXIII, 

 figure 4 (spicules of the same). Plate XXXV, figure 8 (calicles of the same). 



The coral of the type (No. 1514) is thin, flabelliform, spreading in one plane, 

 divided by six deep, radial incisions into seven unequal, frond-like lobes, mo* tly 

 with the distal end wider and undulated, or somewhat lobed, but with the lateral 

 edges nearly entire, so that there is no resemblance to an oak -leaf, but rather 

 to the fronds of certain algse. The axis of the main branches, as seen by strong 

 trasnmitted light, when wet, gives off numerous slender branches, which radiate 

 toward the margin and become subparallel, with intervals of about 3 to 6 mm., 

 while slender transverse branches connect them together and often form tri- 







