I 



PLATE LIV. 



Effects of Diluted Sea Water. 



In all experiments represented on this plate sea water was diluted with equal parts of distilled water 

 Fig. 145. Exp. 858: Several micromeres have been formed but the yolk has not divided; three of the 



cells contain several nuclei and spheres, the result probably of polyasters, and one contains a tetraster. 

 Fig. 146. Exp. 993 (1): Similar to the preceding; the protoplasmic micromeres are partly constricted 



from the yolk. 



Fig. 147. Exp. 858: Exogastrula; similar to the preceding but of a more advanced stage; the multi- 

 nucleate yolk cell is uncovered by the ectoderm. 



Fig. 148. Exp. 993: Similar to the preceding. 



Fig. 149. Exp. 993: Side view of an egg placed in diluted sea water in the 2-cell stage; the second 

 cleavage of the yolk was suppressed, but several micromeres have been formed from each macromere. 



Fig. 150. Exp. 956: Egg similar to the preceding, viewed from the animal pole; each macromere 

 contains a large quadripartite nucleus and has given rise to twelve micromeres, which cannot be individu- 

 ally identified. 



Fig. 151. Exp. 993: Isolated £ blastomere, the yolk cell has not divided, but contains several nuclei 

 and has given rise to nine micromeres. 



Figs. 152, 153. Exp. 858: Top and side views of eggs which were placed in diluted sea water after 

 formation of the 1st set of micromeres; several dividing cells contain triasters or tetrasters and the chromo- 

 somes are widely scattered; chromatic connections between daughter nuclei are falsely suggestive of 

 amitosis. 



Fig. 154. Exp. 858: Side view of egg placed in diluted sea water after formation of the three sets of 

 micromeres which are approximately normal; scattered chromosomes have given rise to chromatic con- 

 nections between daughter nuclei. 



Fig. 155. Exp. 993: Isolated § blastomeres which have produced a \ micromere plate; the macro- 

 mere 4D has given off the mesentoblast id which is now dividing in normal manner. 



Fig. 156. Exp. 871: The 1st set of micromeres have divided twice in normal directions, as indicated 



by the arrows, giving rise to twelve micromeres; in the formation of the 2d set of micromeres the division 

 of the macromeres was approximately equal. 



Figs. 157, 158. Exp. 858: Eggs in which the nuclear division at the 2d cleavage took place normally, 

 but in which the cell body did not divide; three quartets of micromeres were formed and have subdivided 

 in approximately normal manner, although there are only two separate macromeres. The 4th quartet 

 cells Ad and 4c form simultaneously from the undivided macromere CD, though in normal eggs 4d (the 

 mesentoblast) forms at the 24-cell stage, while 4c (an entoblast) does not form until the 52-cell stage. 



