36 Mr. Alder's Catalogue of Land and Fresh-water ■Shells. 



Under decayed leaves, &c. in woods ; not uncommon, but seldom observed on account 

 of Its colour and extremely small size. 



Dr. Fleming has rather unaccountably referred this species to his H. nitida. It 

 bears some resemblance to the young of H. umhilicata, but has more whorls in shells of 

 the same size, and is much more finely striated. Their habitats, too, are entirely different. 



41. H.pulchella, Mull, Drap. 



H. paludosa, Mont. 

 In moss ; rather local, and generally on lime-stone. West Boldon ; and the ribbed 



variety (H. costata, Mull, — H. crenella, Mont.), at Marsden. 



42. H. aculeata, Mull., Drap. 



H. spinulosa, Mont. 

 In moss and under stones in woods ; sparingly. 



43. H. scarburgensis, Bean MSS. 



H. holosericea, Turt. MSS. 



Shell conical, rather globular, and depressed at the apex ; pale yellowish horn-colour, 

 with elevated striae, giving the shell a silky or velvety lustre in certain positions of light; 

 aperture contracted and sub-angular ; lip simple ; whorls 6, rounded ; base convex ; um- 

 bilicus large and deep ; diame ter not one line. 



Animal pale grey. 



Under decayed leaves in moist woods. Gibside Wood, Walbottle Dean, and Tanfield . 



This beautiful little species was discovered some time ago by Mr. Bean, at Scarbo- 

 rough, which, I believe, was the only known locality, until I was so fortunate as to meet 

 with it in the above places. 



44. H. Trochulus, Mull. 



H. trochiformis, Mont. 

 H. fulva, Drap. ? 

 In moss and under stones in woods ; frequent. 



45. H. crystallina, Drap. 



Shell flat, very shining, crystaline, white, with a faint tinge of green ; whorls 4i or 5, 

 smooth or slightly wrinkled ; base rather flat ; umbilicus small but deep ; lip simple ; di- 

 ameter l^th of an inch. 



Animal, white, with two black lines on the back running into the tentacula. 



In moss ; common. 



The shell lately published as new by Capt. Brown, in the Edinburgh Journal of Na- 

 tural and Geographical Science,'' under the name of H. vitrea appears to be this species. 



The confusion that has hitherto existed with respect to the species of Helix frequently 

 confounded under the names of nitens, nitida, and lucida, has induced me to give the 

 characters of these species at length, in the hope that, having paid attention to most of 

 them in their native haunts, I may be able to clear up some part of the diflBculty in dis- 

 criminating them. 



