126 Mr. Winch on the Geology of the Banks of the Tweed. 



now twenty-two feet deep, the lowest rock is dark grey Encrinal Lime- 

 stone, covered by beds of Coal Measures of inconsiderable thickness, 

 but interstratified with four thin seams of Coal. The southern cut, 

 which is nearer the summit of the hill, is at present fourteen feet deep, 

 the lowest rock is a thin Limestone bed ; 2nd, a thin seam of Coal with 

 a band of Shale ; Sd, Limestone ; 4th, Coal and Shale ; 5th, Red Sand- 

 stone ; 6th, Coal and Shale. The dip is, as usual in this vicinity, to the 

 east. Sunnyside Hill, is a mile south of Berwick. Near the coast, 

 I observed no Basalt in situ, and the only well-defined dyke of that 

 description met with, was at Ousenton Bourn, a mile and a half east 

 of Cornhill (see Map, No. 21.) ; the rib of Basalt is 18 feet wide, 

 and crosses the bourn from west to east. The blocks lie in a horizon- 

 tal position, and the stone is dark grey, approaching to black, with 

 large greenish crystals of glassy Felspar. 



In Mr. Smith's present Geological Map of Northumberland, which 

 differs essentially, in that portion of the north of England, from his 

 large map, the red tint, indicative of the New Red Sandstone, ceases 

 about three miles from the coast, but it is not possible to trace the 

 slightest distinction between the red rocks at West Ord or Berwick Cas- 

 tle, and those connected with the Coal and Encrinal Limestone at Scre- 

 merstone.* From the enumeration of the rocks which occur at West 



* To my friend Mr. Fenwick, of Dipton, who has ever kindly furnished me with 

 mining information of a similar description, I am indebted for the section of strata at Scre- 

 merstone, and the account of the Seams of Coal worked in the Berwick district. In a 

 geological point of view, documents of this nature are invaluable. 



An Account of the Strata from the Surface to the Main Coal Seam in the Engine Pit at 



Scremerstone Colliery, 







FA. 



FT. 



IN. 



Fi. 



FT. 



IN. 



Sunk through Clay and Broken Stone, 



3 



1 













Box further, (in the same Clay, &c.). .. 







4 











Blue Metal, 







1 



^2 









Hard Band, 









6 









Grey Band, 





1 



1 











A hard Band, 









4 









Coal, 1. 









6 

















5 



2 



n 









Carrie 



d forward 



3 



2 



n 



