178 



Mr. WiTHAM on the Red Sandstones of Berwickshire. 



Fig. 5. 

 A CONTORTION OF THE STRATA BETWEEN THE RAMPARTS AND THE 



PIER. 



feeble idea of the two contortions between the east rampart and the 

 pier. Thus far we may perceive the alternations of the Limestones, 

 Sandstones, and Shales. Immediately to the north, the Limestone be- 

 comes nearly horizontal, the influence of the trouble ceasing to have 

 any effect. 



By the above observations it would therefore appear, that this highly 

 ferruginated Sandstone alternates with the Limestones and Shales, 

 which are seen cropping out on the north side of the river Tweed, close 

 to the town of Berwick, as well as to the south, and, in my opinion, 

 clearly establishing, that, instead of the Red Sandstone, found in the 

 neighbourhood of Berwick, being a member of the new Red Sandstone 

 series, it is here a decided subordinate member of the Mountain Lime- 

 stone group. 



A section of the whole of the coast of Northumberland, would show 

 the beds of the Coal formation, reposing upon the Mountain Limestone 

 series ; or if we adopt the classification of Coneybeare and Phillips, 

 many of the beds immediately below the Coal formation will have to 

 be considered as their Millstone Grit, and Limestone Shale formation. 

 At what point the Coal-field terminates on the coast, it may be diflScult 

 to decide, but I presume we must take it to be where the first Limestone 

 makes its appearance. That the Red Rocks of Scremerston belong to 

 the Mountain Limestone formation will be apparent from the forego- 

 ing observations, but how far down in the series they should be placed 

 is not yet ascertained. 



Proceeding northward along the coast of Berwickshire, these Red 



