ORDER RUMINANTIA. 355 



straight, or slightly bent, with the tips forward ; brown or 

 gray in colour, twisted upon their own axis, which is on 

 the prolongation of the plane of the face, with a ridge more 

 or less prominent, forming a spiral turn round them ; a 

 large sinus in the lower part of the bony core? the rest 

 partially porous ; the animals have a muzzle, no suborbital 

 sinus, a mane on the neck, a broad and deep dewlap furnish- 

 ed with long hair, and the females are provided with four 

 mammae forming an udder. The group is confined to Africa. 

 The Impoofo. (D. Oreas.) Of all the animals of the 

 genus Antilope of former authors, this is decidedly the 

 largest, weighing often above eight hundred pounds, and 

 measuring between eight and nine feet in length. A female 

 in the Tower was five feet high at the shoulder* ; the head 

 is long and square to the extremity of the foremost grinder, 

 then tapering to the muzzle, which is broad ; the facial line 

 straight, and the horns rise from the summit of the frontals 

 along the plane of the forehead. In the male they are ex- 

 ceedingly bulky, from one foot and a half, to two feet long, 

 straight, in old age bent forward at the tips ; each formed 

 as if two horns were united into one, whereof the first 

 should form the axis, and the second, a spiral ridge twining 

 around it, commencing on the forehead, and turning out- 

 wards till they are lost near the tips. The skull is without 

 lachrymary depressions ; the forehead fiat, and two small 

 cavities exist on each side of the connecting sutures be- 

 tween the frontals and nasal bones. The proportions of 

 the male are little inferior to those of a domestic bull, but 

 with the bones of the legs more elongated ; the circum- 

 ference of the body, behind the fore-legs is above seven feet ; 

 the posterior part of the head and neck are very thick ; the 

 shoulders much raised, producing great depth of the fore- 

 quarters. Beneath the gullet is seen an enlarged larynx of 



* Mr. Barrow mentions a large male six feet and a half high, and 

 ten feet and a half long, but it is not stated how the dimensions 

 were taken. 



