420 CLASS MAMMALIA. 



tions of Taurine animals, sacred victims, or in scenes of 

 tillage upon the monuments of ancient Egypt, none occur. 



The domestic races with straight backs are, however, 

 beyond a doubt, more pure and nearly allied to Urus than 

 the others. We find them inhabiting, or descending more 

 directly from the probable original region of domestication, 

 retaining in their stature and in their colour a closer re- 

 semblance with Urus, but developing in general a greater 

 extent of horn. 



The breeds of the Kisguise and Calmuck Tartars, those 

 of Podolia and Ukraine, of European Turkey, of Hungary, 

 and of the Roman States, are among the largest known. 

 They are nearly all distinguished by ample horns spreading 

 sideways, then forwards and upwards, with dark points: 

 their colour is a bluish-ash passing to black. That in the 

 Papal dominions is not found represented on the ancient 

 bas reliefs of Rome, but was introduced most probably by 

 the Goths, or at the same time with the Buffalo. 



Italy possesses another race, presumed to have existed 

 in the Pagan times, valued for its fine form and white 

 colour: it is not so large, but the horns are similarly 

 developed. Tuscany produces this race, and we have 

 seen droves of them transplanted to Cuba and imported 

 into Jamaica. 



Ancient Egypt nourished a large white breed, which, 

 however, is not the most common upon the monuments of 

 that country, where the cattle are usually represented with 

 large irregular marks of black or brown upon a white 

 ground. The representations of Apis shew the horns to 

 have been turned outwards and upwards (perhaps artifi- 

 cially), so as to figure a crescent, its colours varied : one 

 figure of this sacred ox is black, with a row of singular 

 white streaks descending irregularly down the neck ; another 

 is entirely white; a third white with a double oval length- 

 ened ring on the flank; and a fourth, partly covered by 



