424 CLASS MAMMALIA. 



with some white, denoting a cross from the long-horned ; 

 they have long legs, and slender ; the horns white, and 

 turned upwards, and next to the Devon, the best for the 

 yoke. The second is lower, well formed, black, with little 

 white, and good milkers. 



8. The Alderney or more properly Guernsey, is small, 

 mostly yellow, or light red, with white about the face and 

 limbs ; they have crumpled horns, and till lately ill -shaped. 

 The true breed is distinguished by a yellow colour within 

 the ears, at the root of the tail, and of the tuft at the end 

 of it : they give excellent milk and fine beef. 



The races of France, are principally distinguished into 

 two divisions, among both of which fine breeds are found. 

 The first is commonly designated as Bceufs de haut cru, or 

 those who are of middle or small stature ; with a fierce 

 look, thick hide, coarse hair, large dewlap, horns greenish 

 or black ; living in the mountainous departments formed 

 of the ancient provinces of Limousin, Saintonge, Angou- 

 mois, Marche, Berri, Gascony, Auvergne, Bourbonois, 

 Charolois,and Burgundy. 



The others styled Bceufs de Nature. Their stature is large 

 or middle sized, headland body small, ears and muzzle fine ; 

 horns white, hide thin ; hair soft, and aspect kind : they 

 fatten easily, and belong to low or level lands. Such are 

 the Cholets, Nantz, Anjou, Marcais, Breton, Mans, Dutch, 

 Cotentin and Comtois breeds. 



The difference between the straight-backed races, and 

 the hunched, are, beside the hunch on the back, a certain 

 liveliness and activity, also a different voice, for they groan 

 or produce a sound like the shriller and weaker tones of the 

 Gayals; and in the Chinese, some breeds have the horns 

 placed further back, so that the forehead is actually arched. 

 These races occupy all Southern China, India, and Cey- 

 lon. In Persia they appear not to have existed at an early 

 period, if we may judge by the bass reliefs of Chelminar, 



