1. Oktober 1922. 



Nr. 10. 



37. Jahrgang. 



cietas entomologica. 



Gegründet 1886 von Fritz Kühl, fortgeführt von seinen Erben unter Mitwirkung bedeutender Entomologen aller [.ander. 



Toute la correspondance scientifique et les 

 conenbutions originales sont à envoyer aux 

 Héritiers de Mr. Fritz Riihl à Zurich VII. 

 Pour toutes les autres communications, paye- 

 ments etc. s'adresser à l'éditeur Alfred 

 Kernen. Stuttgart, Poststr. 7. 



Alle wissenschaftlichen Mitteilungen und 

 Originalbeiträge sind an Herrn Fritz 

 Rühl's Erben in Zürich VII zu richten, 

 geschäftliche Mitteilungen, Zahlungen etc. 

 dagegen direkt an Alfred Kernen, Verlag, 

 Stuttgart, Poststr. 7. 



Any scientific correspondence anil origi- 

 nal contributions to be addressed 10 Mr. 

 Fritz Rühl's Heirs in Zürich VII All 

 other communications, payments eic. to be 

 sent to the publisher Alfred Kernen, 

 Stuttgart, Poststr. 7. 



Die Societas entomologica erscheint monatlich gemeinsam mit dem Anzeigenblatt Insektenbörse. Bezugspreis laul Ankündigung 

 in demselben. Mitarbeiter erhallen 25 Separata ihrer beitrage unberechnet. 



more than sufficient in- 

 l'ules of nomenclature, 

 a name first published 



57.89 Dryas 



Dry «is Hiibner. 



(A revision 1 ) of the former omnibus group "Argynnis 



F.", continued from antea: " Yramea m., now gen."). 



By T. Reuss. 



Dryades — Dryas Hübner, 1805, Tentamen, IV, 

 Type: paphia (Nymphales). An unmistakable Nym- 

 phales species as type is a 

 •dication according to the 

 which expressly state that 

 with an "indication, definition or descrip- 

 tion" is valid. In the German edition of the "Rules" 

 all three words are unfortunately united in the one 

 word "Kennzeichnung". 



Definitions to Dryas paphia: Fabricius, Syst. 

 Gloss., translated by Illiger in Illiger's Mag. 6, 1807 ; 

 under "Argynnis" : "Palpen ■ — das zweite Glied vor 

 der inneren Spitze erweitert" is really = "Palpi — ar- 

 ticulo secundo ante apicem dilatato'". This is the 

 original latin text from the one printed, unpublished 

 example (of the first 112 pages of) "Syst. Glossato- 

 rum" in Dohrn's library, now Stettiner Museum, sent 

 to me by the kindness of the Museum authorities. 

 The rest of the MSS. was lost. Illiger translated: 

 "Palpi — das zweite Glied vor der inneren Spitze 

 erweitert". This perhaps is misleading, the apex is 

 the "äußere" Spitze. This fits paphia exactly. De- 

 tails of feelers and legs (Putzfüße) mentioned. 



Hübner, "Verzeichnis", p. 32, 1816, under u Ar- 

 gyronome" : "Flügel ziemlich groß ; unten glänzend 

 wässerig gestreift". 



Felder, "Neues Lepidopteron", 1861, under "Ar- 

 gynnis Ochs." (Ochsenheimer as author was copied 

 from "Genera of Diurn. Lep.", Doubleday & West- 

 wood) : Two subcostals emitted before end of cell 

 in the forewings. Section II : Second and third median 

 nervure of forewings "sehr genähert". The wellk- 

 nown general details of the Dryadinae 2 ) are mentioned, 

 excepting those of the legs and of the palpi. 



Moore, Lepid. indica, 1899, Dryas, Type: paphia. 



' Moore re-mentions most details, also taking account 



of the androconia as far as visible to the naked eye. 



1) In "Archiv für Naturgeschichte" 1921/22. 

 'Eine Androconialform von "Arg." niobe L. etc. Mit einer 

 Revision der Gattung Argynnis". J published a full revisional 

 .sketch. 



2) Modernised from Dryades, Borkhausen, 1788. 



I add further details, especially those of the arma- 

 ture, which bring hyperbius (= niphe, in Moore, Lep. 

 indica, 18S9, Type of Acidalid) to this genus. 



Dryas is a group of ten species in which the dif- 

 ferences between species and species — even between 

 species and subspecies — is great enough "to be 

 convincing". The differences lie less in the fades — 

 some forms are much alike in this respect — than 

 in the genital armature 1 ), which latter in all other ge- 

 nera of Dryadinae show almost identical detail throug- 

 hout. This also is the only group in which the 2 kinds of 

 androconia occuring in the northern temperate hemi- 

 sphere, twocolored, arrowshaped American A- 2 ) and 

 monocolor, more hairlike Asian B- J ) scales, are to 

 be found together on the forewings and even 

 together on an identical vein. The latter detail es- 

 caped AiTRiviLLit's in his "Secondary sexual charac- 

 ters of northern Rhopalocera", 1880, Bihang till R. 

 Svenska Vet. Handlingar. vol. 5, No. 25, where how- 



1) The above was written in april 1921. Since then .T 

 was able to do some -work on the variation of armatural 

 detail. A most interesting phylogenetic tegumenal var. of 

 Dryas paphia, was found by rue in an outwardly normal ^ 

 from Reichenball. captured by Mr. Meli. The tegumen of 

 this (J paphia with its uncus showed intermediate details 

 between paphia and sagana. compounding a primitive form 

 of both, from which both the extremely different specific 

 forms could have Developed. 



The spiked comb of paphia and the Double wattle of 

 fagana are both absent, the back of the tegumen tuncus) 

 is 'rounded simply, serrated by very short rudimentary spikes. 

 The profile shape of the hook is exactly that of sagana, 

 looking like a birds foot with projecting claw-entirely diffe- 

 rent from the wholly claw-shaped, elegantly curved, thin 

 uncus (hook) of paphia in the normal state. The phylo- 

 genetic value of these morphological variations is so evi- 

 dent (while at the same time such variation in the degree 

 described may he unique up till now), that J hope J am 

 right in thinking it necessary to add this supplementary 

 note, especially as the Dryas-gronp of species is the only 

 one of the Dryadinae genera, in which every species nor- 

 molly, shows a really characteristic armature, which can 

 be recognised as specific at a glance, while in all other 

 cases onlv the generic 'characters are recognisable at once. 



Bernau, 21. S. 22. 

 2) For the sake of convenience J will introduce these terms 

 for the scales in question. The B androconia are not found 

 in America, where only A scales occur. The latter are ho- 

 wever not exclusive there, as the B androconia are in Asia 

 and its peninsula, Europe. Indeed the origin of the A scales 

 evidently dates from the central parts of Asia. To — day the 

 primitive forms of A scales were found by nie on the fore- 

 wing veins of Brenthis hecate alaica (cf. Ent. Mitt., 1921. 

 Plate I). 



