ORDER PACHYDERMATA. . 389 



nitude, solidity, motion, and extent, are qualities more 

 within their comprehension ; of numbers we cannot pre- 

 sume that they have any correct notion, and though they 

 do form collective ideas, as the dog of the flock which he is 

 to guard, &c, we have no reason to suppose that those are 

 always of the clearest kind. 



In short, we may come to this conclusion, that animals 

 possess intelligence the same in kind as ours, but in a very 

 limited degree ; that this limitation is owing to the limita- 

 tion of their ideas, and this again to their incapacity of 

 attention, and their want of language, and other means 

 which man possesses for enlarging the circle of his. Thus, 

 though they possess the original faculties of man in a rudi- 

 mentary state, they are incapable of much improving them, 

 and still more of deriving from them those acquired facul- 

 ties, such as abstraction, imagination, fyc, which are no- 

 thing but different phenomena of the association of ideas. 



M. F. Cuvier conjectures, that if we do not find in any 

 single species of animals all those intellectual faculties 

 which we recognise in ourselves, it is possible that an at- 

 tentive examination might enable us to discover a great 

 number of them in that assemblage of species which con- 

 stitutes the Animal Kingdom. He thinks, moreover, that 

 such faculties might serve, as well as physical qualities, to 

 distinguish the different species. But if, as we have seen, 

 the ideas of animals be limited to their physical necessities, 

 if their power of attention be little, and their capacity of 

 combination consequently narrow, all the differences in an 

 intellectual way, which we can hope to find among them, 

 must consist only in the superior sagacity of some in catch- 

 ing their prey, or evading their enemies, and the greater 

 susceptibility of others to receive an education from man. 

 Let it ever be remembered, that as the foundation is, so is 

 the superstructure : intellect, mind, understanding, or 

 whatever else we please to term it, is nothing but a super- 



