58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. 



■*' scheduled." Fortunate it is for us we ai-e free from restrictions, 

 and long may we continue to be so. It is only those persons who 

 have had experience of the workings of that measure who can under- 

 stand what a bane it is to a country, or how it interferes in its trade. 

 Exhibitors of live stock have frequently failed to come up to their 

 usual standard, and orders to slaughter cattle at home markets have 

 interfered with their prices. Under the Act, every time an animal 

 is put into a cattle car. the car has to be disinfected before it is 

 allowed to be used again ; the floor has to be washed out, all offal 

 removed, and the car has to receive a coating of lime white-wash ; 

 every pen used for loading, unloading, or holding cattle, be the time 

 ever so short, has to be white-washed. To move animals byroad, 

 permission has to be obtained from 'the Local Authorities, who have 

 plenty of inspectors always on the look out for a breach of the law. 



The best illustration of the care devoted to cattle in our province, 

 is afforded in the large byres in this city for fattening cattle for the 

 English market. There are at piesent 4,000 cattle distributed over 

 six large feeding stables, or byres, each of which contains about 600 

 head ; and there are also a large number of pigs. Each byre is one 

 open space, there are no partitions, the cattle stand close together from 

 40 to 50 in a row ; between each row are 2 troughs separated by a 

 footway for the attendant to pass along, the troughs are sufficiently 

 far apart to prevent the animals from horning each other. At the 

 rear a similar arrangement receives the manure, urine, etc., these 

 troughs are about 3 ft, wide, 3 ins. deep at the top, and 9 ins. at the 

 outfall. A simply arranged system of sluices lets the distillery wash 

 flow into the troughs. Overhead is a large loft for hay, having open- 

 ings directly over each line of troughs, through these the hay is 

 dropped down directly to the animals. The " wash " is supplied 

 directly from the distillery which is about 1,100 yards distant; it 

 comes boiling hot, and is received in large vats holding ."^0,000 gallons 

 each ; it does not cool very much and is fed to the animals hot ; each 

 animal receives 20 gallons on the average, per diem. The stalls are 

 carefully scraped out three times a day, all manure and urine is drawn 

 into the troughs outside the buildings, from which it is run off twice 

 a day. The atmosphere of the byres is wonderfully sweet. 



After the man ure has been drawn into the outer troughs it is 

 allowed to settle, and all solid matter is pitchforked on to a planked 

 roadway, the liquid is further screened by being passed thimigh 



