CHIMPANZI—GUEREZA MONKEYS 53 



So much has been written with regard to the behaviour of chimpanzis in 

 captivity that it will suffice to refer to but one account. This relates to an in- 

 dividual known as Consul 11., which was exhibited in Berlin at a meeting of the 

 German Psychological Society, where it formed the subject of a lecture by an 

 eminent psychologist. 



The ape stood on the platform beside the lecturer in a smoking jacket, top-hat, 

 black trousers, boots, and shirt. The professor gave Consul an excellent character. 

 He had good manners, was of a friendly disposition, and manifested symptoms of 

 what would be called in human beings a loving nature. He had no objection to the 

 vicinity of dogs, cats, or snakes, but was afraid of horses. No traces were seen in 

 Consul of any special liking for women or soldiers. Like most apes, he delighted 

 in children, but evinced an abhorrence of dolls, of which he could make nothing, 

 and retired vanquished from their presence. If Consul was tickled he sometimes 

 shrieked with laughter. When punished he acted like a child, holding his hands 

 before his face. If discovered doing anything forbidden, he assumed hypocritically 

 an innocent demeanour which was distinctly human. In disposition he was rest- 

 less, and could not sit long in one position. With an excellent memory, he was 

 yet incapable of expressing his wants either by gesture or sound. He could not 

 be taught to whistle, nor did he understand human speech ; all he could compre- 

 hend being the tone of a voice or the rhythm of words. Neither could he be 

 taught to reckon. Although the psychological abilities of Consul were separated 

 from those of human beings by a wide gulf, it is interesting to note how many 

 complicated actions he could comprehend with the limited intellectual powers of 

 which he was possessed. 



Leaving the man-like apes, attention may be directed to the 

 guerezas, a group of strikingly coloured monkeys characterised by 

 the rudimentary condition or total absence of the thumb. They belong to a genus 

 unknown in any other part of the world ; agreeing in this respect with all the 

 other monkeys of Ethiopian Africa except the dog-faced baboons, which range into 

 Arabia. Most guerezas are distinguished by the length and beauty of their soft 

 silky hair. The group is most numerously represented on the west coast ; but the 

 true or typical guereza (Colobus guereza), so called by the natives, inhabits central 

 and southern Abyssinia. Nearly allied species range to the south and south-west 

 through Gallaland and Somaliland to Kilimanjaro. The coat of the members of 

 this typical group is very long, and in colour a mixture of glossy black and creamy 

 white ; the latter usually forming a mantle on the back and occupying the whole 

 of the fringe-like tail. These monkeys dwell amid the branches of trees clothed 

 with the above-mentioned bearded grey lichen, and harmonise so closely with 

 these surroundings that it is said to be often impossible to detect them, even at 

 comparatively close quarters. 



The black guereza (0. satanas) of West Africa differs from the preceding 

 species by its uniformly black coat, as well as by the presence of a kind of crest 

 on the head and the absence of a long fringe of hair on the tail. Another West 

 African species, the king guereza (C. polycomus), has long hair on the sides of 

 the hind-quarters, and is glossy black with a white mane, forehead, cheeks, and 

 tail, the latter terminating in a tassel. The bear-like guereza (C. ursinus), from 



