G UENON MONKE YS—MANGABE YS 



55 



encircles the crown behind. The Congo guenon (0. ascanias), with a local race 

 in the form G. a. schmidti, on the western shores of Tanganyika and Uganda, 

 is an allied species in which the large white cheek -tufts are very noticeable. 

 Typically there is a black brow-band extending as far back as the ear, and 

 another black stripe below the tuft in front of the ear. Another group is typified 

 by the moustache-monkey (G. cephus), from the Gabun and the Congo, recognis- 

 able by the blue nose-spots and the yellow cheek-tufts. When a heart-shaped 

 spot is present in this group, it is not accompanied by white on the belly, the 

 inner surface of the limbs, or the under side of the tail. In the green-backed 

 group the western green monkey (G. sabaius), ranging from Senegambia to Liberia, 

 and the vervet (C. pygerythus), from South Africa, are common menagerie species, 

 and have bred in the London monkey-house, the former in 1890 and the latter 

 in 1893. In G. sabceus there is no distinct white brow-band, which is, however, 

 present in the black-faced G. aithiops of Abyssinia, distinguished by its large white 

 whiskers, and the presence of silky white hairs on the lips and chin. These chin- 

 hairs are wanting in the vervet and in G. tantalus of Nigeria, which are likewise 

 black-faced and white-browed monkeys. 



The red-backed group is represented by the large red patas monkey (G.patas), 

 from West Africa, and the rarer nisnas (C. pyrrhonotus), from Kordofan, Darfur, 

 and Somaliland ; but both of these may perhaps be regarded as races of a variable 

 species. 



To another group, characterised by the prevalence of black or dark grey, 

 belongs the diadem-monkey (C. leucampyx), from West Africa, distinguished by 

 the white ear-patches, greyish back, and pale colour of the under-parts, and 

 represented by local races, such as the East African C. I. stuhlmanni, in other 

 parts of the continent. The mona (C. mona) and the rarer Campbell's monkey 

 (ft campbelli), both from West Africa, represent another group characterised by 

 the contrast between the pink of the lips and the grey of the sides of the face. 

 In the same group are included certain species, distinguished by large ear-tufts, such 

 as Gray's monkey (ft grayi), from the Congo and the Gabun, and Wolf's monkey 

 (G. wolfi), from the Congo. The Gabun race (ft grayi nigripes) of the former has 

 the lower part of the back black ; the latter may be recognised by the rust-red 

 hind-legs and the light patches on the insides of the limbs. 



The bearded group is represented by the Diana monkey (G. diana), of Liberia, 

 distinguished by the shortness of its beard, and by C. roloway, of the Gold Coast 

 and Guinea, in which that appendage is longer. C. neglectus, ranging from Lake 

 Rudolf to the Congo, represents an allied group. 



The mangabey monkeys, which are chiefly West African, are 

 typically characterised by their flesh-coloured upper eyelids and 

 ringed hair, a well-known species being the collared Cercocebus collaris. In 

 the male of the orange-chested G. chrysogaster of the Congo, as well as in 

 both sexes of G. hagenbecki, the upper eyelids are, however, dark-coloured. 

 Allied to the true mangabeys is the white-cheeked C. albigena, a black 

 and crested monkey with dark eyelids, of which there are several local 

 races, one of these, C. a. johnstoni, inhabiting the neighbourhood of Lake 

 Tanganyika. 



