136 THE AUSTRAL AVIAN RECORD [Vol. III. 



south-western birds, which he considered were the same as 

 the eastern form. But the typical form has a blackish tail. 



The female from Derby does not appear to have yet been 

 described. It is greyish above, the primaries and secondaries 

 brown, their outer edges grey. The tail is green above, the 

 inner- webs pale brown. The under-surface whitish, a very 

 pale buffish band on lower throat, paler on lower abdomen, 

 vent and under tail-coverts pale lemon-yellow ; the lower 

 aspect of tail pale brown, wing lining white, inner edge of 

 primaries and secondaries white. Bill black. 



At Port Hedland, the male differs in having the tail with a 

 distinct wash of green towards the base of the inner-webs, the 

 outer basal edges also tinged with green, the wing being longer, 

 measuring 85 mm., while typical specimens measure 80 mm. 

 This subspecies I will call Pachycephala melanura bynoeinov., 

 the type being procured on the 22nd October, 1914. 



It is as well to note that the nearest geographical relative 

 to the south is Pachycephala pectoralis occidentalis Ramsay, 

 which is as to the male, a larger bird with a longer tail and 

 wing and shorter bill, a green wash on the outer edges of 

 primaries and secondaries, and the tail with the base grey 

 and the tips black. The female is quite different, being deep 

 rufous below, with no yellow on the vent or under tail-coverts, 

 the upper coloration also differing, the tail being greyish, etc., 

 etc. This is the coloration of the females of the eastern forms, 

 which range up to Cairns, but do not appear to inhabit Cape 

 York. 



From Hecla Island round to Cape York occurs the third 

 species, whose males agree very well with that of P. melanura,, 

 but whose females disagree in being greyer above, the rump 

 green, the tail black with the base more or less green only, 

 the threat white, flecked with grey, remainder of under-surface 

 pale lemon-yellow. The earliest name appears to be robusta 

 Masters, but it is possible, as this species appears to be extra- 

 limital, that an older name may exist. 



One feature of interest may be here recorded : P. melanura 

 and P. robusta only occur in the mangroves as far as records 



