ORDER QUADRUMANA. 249 



and appeared to have belonged to an individual which was 

 adult, but had not obtained its maximum of development. 

 The following particulars have been observed in confirm- 

 ation of this conjecture, on a comparison of the Orang and 

 the Pongo, 



1. All the Orangs brought into Europe had the head 

 smooth, an open facial angle, and were young individuals 

 not exceeding three years of age at the utmost, and we 

 know that the facial angle varies both in men and monkeys 

 at different ages, and that the young always have it more 

 open than old individuals. 



2. The skeleton of the Pongo in Paris, (the only specimen 

 known in Europe), displays by the teeth and the great de- 

 velopment of the crest of the cranium, that the animal was 

 not only adult but aged : these characters are observable in 

 old baboons, the young of which, without shewing so great 

 a difference as exists between the Orang and the Pongo, are 

 still very different. 



3. The exact correspondence observable in the number 

 of vertebrae, dorsal, lumbar, and sacral, so various in different 

 individuals even of the same genus in this order. 



4. The disproportion of the limbs, and the form of all 

 the hands altogether similar. 



5. The nail of the thumb of the hinder hands equally 

 short and narrow in both*. 



6. The membranaceous bag at the throat equally large 

 and formed alike in both. 



7. The relative dimensions of the Orang — the presumed 

 intermediate skeleton in possession of Cuvier — and the 

 Pongo, graduated in proportion to the apparent age of each. 



8. The colour of the Orang is red — that of the Pongo is 

 black, but variations equally great in this respect are ob- 

 served between the young and the adult of other species 

 of monkeys. 



* When this nail is found in the Orang-Outang it is either rudimentary or 



imperfect. 



