ORDER QUADRUMANA. 291 



groups of the old world. This which represented the capa- 

 city of the brain, answered the purpose very well, and it 

 would be impossible to adopt a better, if unfortunately 

 it did not vary in individuals of different ages. This diffi- 

 culty proved the greatest inconvenience with the Cynoce- 

 phala, and led to the erroneous junction of the young of 

 this subdivision to the Guenons or Macaques. To avoid 

 these errors, M. F. Cuvier has proposed to join to this 

 character the structure of the teeth, and the situation 

 of the nostrils, which are prolonged to the extremity of the 

 muzzle. Among the quadrumana, the Cynocephala and 

 the Macaques alone have a sort of talon at the posterior part 

 of the last cheek-teeth in the under jaw, and the former 

 alone have their nostrils prolonged, so as, in fact r to have 

 no muzzle beyond. Though these characters are only the 

 result of external observation, yet they are most powerfully 

 influential on the organization, and we can scarcely doubt 

 of their agreement with others which may be yet discovered. 

 The structure of the teeth and nostrils is closely connected 

 with the organs of taste and digestion, not to mention that 

 the first is immediately derived from the very nature of the 

 animal, and has always been considered as presenting se- 

 condary characters of the most general and determined 

 description. 



This author differs a little from his brother, the Baron, 

 in the enumeration of the Cynocephala. He makes the 

 species six in number— the Papio, the Chaema, the Baboon, 

 the Tartarin, the Mandrill, and an additional species which 

 he describes differing somewhat from the last, and calls the 

 Drill. Perhaps this arrangement is better than the other, 

 and indeed we can discover no sufficient reason for the ex- 

 clusion of the Mandrill from the Cynocephala, and its clas- 

 sification as a distinct division. 



It may be said of all the Cynocephala, that they arrive at 

 considerable magnitude, equalling at least the size of the 



