ORDER QUAUllUMANA. 343 



the totality of their relations. The Alouattes, for instance, 

 are infinitely more distant from the Orangs, than from the 

 Guenons, though these last have the cheek-pouches, and 

 the two former genera are both devoid of them. If, then, 

 the cheek-pouches are to be employed, it must be as a se- 

 condary, not as a primary character. 



" Linnaeus, at first, founded his division only on the tail. 

 This appendage was wanting in his apes, short in his ba- 

 boons, long in his cercopitheci, or monkeys. 



" Buffon added three characters, cheek-pouches, callosi- 

 ties, and prehensile tail. By these means, he separated the 

 Sapajous from the Gusnons, and the Sagoins from the Sa- 

 pajous. Of the three families of Linnaeus he made five, 

 which Schreber, Erxleben, and Gmelin have adopted either 

 as proper genera, or subdivisions of genera. 



" This was, in fact, the most natural division which then 

 existed. But even at the period of its formation, there 

 were exceptions, and some species were arranged in it, 

 contrary to nature. We have already noticed the Magot, 

 and the Douc. There are other examples. The Baboon, 

 properly so called, has not a short tail, as Buffon imagined, 

 from having seen only a mutilated individual. Its tail is as 

 long as those of the Guenons. It ought, therefore, accord- 

 ing to this system, to be ranged among them, though so 

 very different in all other points. 



" The Guenons themselves form two very distinct fami- 

 lies, which Buffon could not separate by the characters 

 which he employed. 



" The Alouattes should be removed from the Sapajous, 

 from which they differ both in habits and configuration. 

 This was impossible on the system of Buffon. 



" Besides these ancient defects, the newly-discovered 

 species have given rise to additional exceptions. The ani- 

 mal described by the scientific society of Batavia, under the 



