116 MORGAN— The Migration of SicaUoivs in 8.A. 



The immature male in first year's plumage is paler 

 throughout, with the exception of the frontal band, which is 

 a lighter and brighter red; the abdominal band is very indis 

 tinct, but some of the feathers are tipped with red, giving the 

 abdomen a mottled appearance. 



I have much pleasure in naming the above after J. W. 

 Lindo, Esq., the owner of Moolooloo Station, who is taking 

 such a great interest in the ornithology of his district, and has 

 given so much assistance to science generally. 



The Migration of Swallows in South Australia. 



By A. M. Morgan, M.B., Gh.B. 



Four swallows inhabit South Australia. They are the 

 Welcome Swallow (Hirundo neowena), the Tree Swallow (Hylo- 

 chelidon nigricans caleyi), the Fairy Martin or Bottle Swallow 

 (Lagenoplastes ariel), and the White-breasted Swallow (Chera- 

 mceca leucosternon stonei). None is ' confined to South Aus- 

 tralia; the first three have been recorded from every part 

 of the Australian Commonwealth, the fourth from every State 

 except Tasmania, which it does not visit. 



Authorities differ considerably in their opinions as to the 

 migratory habits of these birds on the Australian Continent. 

 As regards Tasmania, all are agreed that they are purely 

 migratory, leaving in the winter, and returning next summer 

 to nest. The fairy martin is probably only an occasional 

 visitor, since Littler (Birds of Tasmania) has not seen it. 



Gould (Handbook of the Birds of Australia) says of the 

 welcome swallow: — "The arrival of this bird in the southern 

 portions of Australia is hailed as a welcome indication of the 

 approach of spring, and is associated with precisely the same 

 ideas as those popularly entertained respecting our own pretty 

 swallow in Europe. The two species are, in fact, beautiful 

 representatives of each other, and assimilate ... in their 

 migratory movements." Quoting Caley, he says further, "the 

 earliest period of the year that I noticed the appearance of 

 swallows was July 12th, 1803, when I saw two . . . The 

 latest period I observed them was 30th May, 1806, when a 

 number of them were flying high in the air." Gould also says, 

 " a few stragglers remain in New South Wales during the 

 winter, but their numbers cannot for a moment be compared 

 with those observed in the summer." 



