332 CLASS MAMMALIA. 



nearly related to the last, and very like it, except that 

 it is covered with long hair, even on the head and paws. 

 Mr. Pennant adds, that the other varieties in the inland 

 parts of Russia and Siberia, are chiefly from the Shepherd's 

 Dog; and there is a high-limbed, taper-bodied kind, the 

 Common Dog of the Calmuc and independent Tartars, ex- 

 cellent for the chase, and all other uses. 



This breed is trained to the most important services in its 

 cheerless native country, which appear to be very ill repaid, 

 if the accounts we have of their treatment be correct. 

 During the short Siberian summer, they are said to be turned 

 adrift, to seek their own sustenance ; and, at the com- 

 mencement of winter, they are taken home for a series of 

 fatiguing labour. Four of these Dogs are attached, by 

 pairs, to a sledge, and before them is placed a leader, on 

 the good training of which much of the utility of the set 

 seems to depend. These sledges carry but one person, who 

 guides them principally by his voice, with the assistance of 

 a stick, and of reins fastened to the collars of the Dogs. It 

 is said, they will thus draw a sledge between seventy and 

 eighty miles in a day ; and when the falling snow hides the 

 beaten track from the sight of their master, they will keep 

 or regain it by the power of their scent. 



The Esquimaux Dog. This highly useful breed is described 

 by Mr. Desmarest, as having the head shaped like that of 

 the Wolf-Dog ; the tail spreading and curved ; and the 

 ears erect. The hair is of two sorts ; one silky, which is 

 thinly scattered ; the other woolly, which is extremely 

 thick, very fine, and curly, and may be pulled off in flocks 

 from the animal. The colour is black, or reddish-gray, 

 with large marks of white. 



The Spaniel. (Canis Extrarius. L.) The Spaniel has 

 the hair very long, in parts. It is generally white, with 

 large brown, liver-coloured, or black spots, of irregular 

 shape and size. The nose is sometimes cleft. The ears 



