UPPER GONDWANA SERIES. 59 



conglomerate, with some enclosed white quartz pebbles of large size. 

 The calcareous rock thickens southward. The red sandstone is overlaid 

 by whitish shales (5) much mixed up with kankar, which may be traced 

 with difficulty for a few hundred yards northward, and are then com- 

 pletely hidden by cotton soil, which extends up to and far beyond the 

 village of Mangamur (Mungamoor). In some well-sections south of 

 the village, buffy brown sandy shales have been cut through under a 

 bed of kankarry lateritic gravel. These shales establish the connection 

 with some plant-bearing sandy shaly clays of drab-buff colour which are 

 Section at Kamapatte- exposed near the head of a small stream a little to 

 varipalem. the nor £h. west of the small hamlet called Kama- 



patte -varipalem (Kaum ay putty- vareepully ) . The plant remains are 

 unfortunately very fragmentary ; but amongst them I recognised a small 

 part of a Ttilophyllum frond ; underlying the shaly clays, of which a 

 thickness of 4 or 5 feet is seen, is a coarse friable micaceous sandstone 

 of buff colour. 



Rather more than a mile to the north of this section very similar 



buff and brown friable shales and sandstones show 

 Yendlur patch. 



in the road drains and in various ballast pits, and 



in a few wells off the Ongole-Kambam high road, both on the slopes 

 westward to the Santa Nuthalapad valley, and on the high ground to 

 the eastward. The surface of the . shales is thickly covered by yellow 

 kankar gravel, mixed with lateritic pebbles. This yellow kankar descends 

 Yellow kankar overly- dee ^7 into tne greatly weathered surface of the 

 ing shales. shale beds, not only here, but also in many other 



sections, so much so that the yellow colour of the kankar always led me to 

 look out for underlying plant shales. The friable shale and sandstone beds 

 extend north-eastward and northward from the high road down to the 

 village of Yendlur, where they disappear under the great alluvial flat 

 formed by the Mudigondi and Gundlakamma rivers. 



The high ground south of the high road was, at the time of my 



visit, covered by a very singular concretionary 

 Singular sandstone. 



calcareo-ferruginous sandstone, often of jaspi- 



( 59 ) 



