68 tgote: geological structure of the eastern coast. 



from dark blackish-brown to grey or drab. It rests upon the granitoid 



gneiss close to Kallagumta village. South of the hard sandstone, and 



probably overlying them,, come soft friable gritty sandstones and shaly 



clays. The latter are of drab colour, the former orange to reddish or 



„, , . . ,, drab, and full of impressions, in bright red, of 

 Plant-remams in shaly > r ' » ' 



days. fragmentary plant-remains, amongst which the 



pinnulse of a small variety of Dictyozamites in<Mcus are most commonly 

 recognizable, Ttilopliyllum acutifolium being also present, but much less 

 common. The dip of these beds is westerly from 3° to 5°. A little 

 further south still are coppery-red mottled sandy clays, with orange 

 to reddish-brown gritty sandstone, lying close to, or actually on, the 

 gneiss. 



A shallow alluvial valley, nearly £ miles across, divides the Vema- 

 varam patch from the next northern patch, which 

 lies around the village of Nucherlapalle (Noocherla- 

 pally) . The beds here seen in well-sections are white and mottled shales, 

 very like the Vemavaram ridge beds ; but, unlike these, they are very poor 

 in fossils, a long search only yielding a single specimen, — a thin, broad, 

 bivalve shell, crushed flat by pressure, of a species very common at Vema- 

 varam. The beds show a dip of from 10° to 15°, to east-by-south. Sandy 

 shales are seen in a small field well, about a mile to the westward, near to 

 the gneissic boundary. 



The next patch of Kajmahal rocks, proceeding northward, is the 



Budavada (Boodhawadah), the southern point of 

 Budavada patch. 



which lies 3 miles to the north-north-east, 

 near Gangavaram, where shaly buff sandstone is seen in well-sections 

 west and south-east of the village. Similar shaly sandstones and sandy 

 shales begin to appear in small field sections as the village of Budavada 

 is approached from the south, and in the bottom of a tank lately con- 

 Shale hed east of structed about half a mile east-by-south of the 

 main village. Here a few score square yards of 

 shales were to be seen when the tank bottom was dry j they are under- 

 laid by, or intercalated with, friable soft sandstone, also of whitish to 

 ( 68 ) 



