40 KING : NELT.OKE PORTION OE THE CAKNAT1C. 



the beds of the Cuddapah formation. They are, however, much altered 

 and squeezed, being cleaved and jointed into crude slates and flags often 

 having- a rudely fibrous structure resembling that of fossil wood, while 

 the pebbles and shingle of the conglomerates are apparently elongated 

 in the direction of the strike. 



This strip is evidently isolated among the gneisses and lying with 

 them for part of the outcrop, besides being in line with the K alalia sti 

 beds. This position and their crushed-up character would therefore 

 appear to point to their being simply a wedged-in extremity of one of 

 the folds of the Kalahasti beds, and thus of the Cuddapah series. Indeed, 

 it would scarcely appear necessary to enter on any discussion of the 

 relations of these Pillameru beds, so evidently are they, on the face of 

 the country, a portion of the Kalahasti strata, were it not that they are 

 possibly allied to the more peculiarly-situated rocks of the next area. 



About 10 miles eastrnorth-east of Pillameru, isolated masses of 



quartzite sandstones and conglomerates occur in 

 The Kandra area. . , 



most abnormal positions in and on a great out- 

 burst of trap rocks forming the group of low hills near the village of 

 Kandra. The following notes will show the extraordinarily confused 

 association of strata, and further details will be found in the chapter 

 on igneous rocks. 



On one of the low hills to the west of Chillamanchen there is a frasr- 

 mental mass of quartzites, evidently of the Cuddapah series, consisting 

 of blue and grey conglomerates and breccias, the pebbles of which are all 

 of quartz. On the north side of the outcrop the beds have been much 

 squeezed, the longer axes of the pebbles being with the strata. The main 

 mass of the hill is of massive trap without any definite form or lie. The 

 outcrop of quartzites is a broken curve on the top of the conical hill, 

 giving rather the appearance of the lip of a crater, but the strike of the 

 beds is not with the curve. The beds are dipping west-north-west into 

 the trap, those on the top of the eastern slope at 10° or so, and those on 

 the western side at about 50°. This curious curved fragment of Cudda- 

 pahs presents the appearance of lying on and being sunk into the trap, 

 ( 148 ) 



