THE TRANSITION SERIES. hf- 43 



Kaluvaya, and which possibly may have been connected with the Kala- 

 basti and Kambak masses. The lie of the Cuddapahs in their proper 

 field is after all in a series of sharp undulations, so strong at times as to 

 be foldings and even reduplications, having a north-north-west to south- 

 south-east strike, the maximum of crushing being in and to the westward 

 of the Veligonda range. The thickness, too, in this range, along its abrupt 

 eastern boundary, is so great that the series must, prior to the faulting 

 have extended much further to the east, still perhaps in undulations which 

 might thus give faulted or squeezed-in strips of strata anion a- the 

 crystallines, such as that of Pillameru, or even broken and disrupted 

 portions of such strips in association with a violent igneous outburst like 

 that of Kandra. 



The noticeable feature, however, about the Kandra outcrops is that 

 No cases of association if the y are disrupted, it is strange that none of the 

 with gneiss. fundamental rocks are found in contact with them. 



In all cases the masses of quartzite are in contact only with trap. The 

 conclusion is that these quartzites were deposited directly on the io-neous 

 rocks j or, preferably, that they are disassociated from the gneiss floor 

 and from each other in some cases, by contemporaneous or extravasated 

 flows. 



A remarkable feature of this and the Pillameru outlier is, that they 



end abruptly, the latter to the north and this to 

 Faulted to some extent. 



the south, their extremities being in a line parallel 



with the direction of some of the strong trap dykes in their immediate 



neighbourhood. I could not, however, carry such a line into the gneiss 



on either side, the different bands of the latter being continued on in the 



country between Pillameru and Kandra, though these bands do appear 



to be broken in the Swarnamukhi valley on a line having somewhat the 



same direction. The northern end of the Pillameru ridge may be cut off 



merely by faulting, along the strike, running up from Kalahasti. The 



Kandra area, however, has an abrupt end of some 3 miles in width, 



which is hardly explainable, except by some disturbance across the line of 



strike of the crystallines. 



( 151 ) 



