LOWER GONDWANAS. 15 



Mr. W, T. Blanford first identified these beds in this district, having 

 Traced down from traced them down from their typical area at 

 Central Provinces. Kamthi in the Central Provinces, and he describes 



them as " frequently variegated in a peculiar and characteristic manner. 

 They are associated with numerous hard bands of ferruginous grit and 

 compact red and yellow shale. In one instance sandstone was found 

 with a peculiar semi-vitreous texture, which is very characteristic of 

 some beds in Chanda and Berar. All these characters lead unmistakably 

 to the conclusion that these rocks are the representatives of the Kamthi 

 beds of Nagpur and Chanda" 1 



At the same time, nearly half a century before either he or I worked 

 at these beds, it had been pointed out by Voysey 2 that sandstones 

 were traceable all the way down the Godavari valley from the Central 

 Provinces into the coastal region of Ellore. 



These sandstones occupy an old hollow in the gneiss, and are occa- 

 Lie and association with sionally much more irregular and undulating in 

 the gneiss. their lie than the beds of the upper division of the 



series overlying them, though, along the northern outcrop of the latter 

 rocks, they lie easier and appear at - times to be almost conformable 

 with them. Like the rest of the gneiss country, the ground occupied 

 by them is now at places very broken and irregular, as in the Chin- 

 talpudi hills, where the curved and gradually assumed north-west strike, 

 nigher and undulating dip, and great thickness of varied beds, give 

 very different contours and slopes to those of the low long-backed 

 ranges with north-western scarps of little height of the gently dipping 

 strata of the upper Gondwana beds bordering the deltaic plains. It 

 will be shown further on that the belt of these latter rocks lies evenly 

 over these sandstones, and is so continued on to the gneiss to the east 

 and west of them ; or, in other words, that they are lying on a tolerably 

 even plane of both crystallines and Kamthi sandstones. The Chintal- 

 pudi hills do not, as far as I remember, show any of the unmistakable 



1 Eec. Geol. Snrv. of India IV, p. 49, et seq., 1871. 



2 Jour. As. Soc, Bengal, Vol.. II., 1833, p. 400. 



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