UPPER GONDWANAS. £3 



These Vijarai hills show no capping of other sandstones and conglo- 

 Thirining out and de- merates as in the Dudugut range, though to the 

 nudation. south-east at Nayanapalem and near Tundkalpiidi 



there are again sandstones rising into very low scarps, between 

 which and the jaspideous conglomerates and sandstones coming out 

 from under the Vijarai strata is only a slight thickness of beds to repre- 

 sent such a thickness as is in the Vijarai hills ; hence it is quite clear 

 that the Gollapili series must have thinned out, or have been much 

 denuded, to the eastward of the Tammiler river. 



The bottom beds (a) hade out from under the sandstones of the Vijarai 

 hills in the Kunlacheru valley, and there form a skin over the Kamthi 

 sandstones of Kamarapukota, whence they continue to the east-north- 

 eastward, essentially a set of dark-brown and reddish, hard, ferruginous 

 sandstones, and heavy conglomerates and stony clay beds, now thickened 

 out to some 50 or 60 feet, and quite unfossiliferous. 



It certainly seemed to me that there must have been great denuda- 

 tion of the whole group, though no doubt there was also thinning out 

 to the eastward, prior to the deposition of the succeeding group next 

 to be described. 



The unconformity of the Gollapilis on the Kamthis is very evident 

 Unconformable to on the whole, but I cannot point to any section 

 Kamthis. showing this directly. Around Kunlacheru, the 



lie of both series is very flat, and the bedding of the very coarse friable 

 felspathic sandstones of the older series is very obscure or much covered 

 up by debris ; still the hard, heavy, vitreous, and jaspery conglomerate, 

 and claystones are lying evenly over a planed down floor of different 

 sands, and not over a bed or band of beds of these. Towards Kamara- 

 pukota this is more evident, and to the north and east the strike of the 

 Kamthis begins to curve round from north-east to the north-west run 

 which it has in the Chintalpudi hills. A feature connected with the 

 decided change from one to the other series along their boundaries is 

 the remarkable difference in the quality of their debris. Of course, the 

 detritus of both is for the most part sand ; but that of the Kamthis is 



( ^17 ) 



