UPPER GONDWANAS. 



I obtained the following" fossils, which were hastily determined by 

 the late Dr. Stoliekza just before he left Calcutta 

 on his ill-fated journey to Yarkand : — 



Marine fossils. 



Belemnite, 

 Ammonites, 

 Helivocetvis, 



Trigonia ventricosa (Krauss\ 

 „ smeei (Sow.), 



Inoceramus, 



Pseudomonotis, 



Lima, 



Fossil wood, ? ccniferous. 



Dr. Stoliczka considered that these fossils showed their beds to be 

 Uppermost Jurassic ^ ne equivalent of the Umia beds in Cutch, which 

 are of uppermost Jurassic age : and since, on phy- 

 sical and lithological grounds, it seems very probable that these beds are 

 on the same horizon as the proper Tripati beds, it is for the present 

 presumable that this group is of like age. 



General conclusions. 



We have thus, as representatives of the Upper Gondwana series on 

 this part of the Madras coast, three groups of 

 rocks clearly distinguishable from each other by 

 their superposition, lithological constitution, and fossil remains, though 

 they are not so clearly separable by undoubted denudation, the strati- 

 graphical breaks showing, rather, intervals of ordinary depression and 

 elevation. 



At the same time, had there been no fossil remains, I do think 

 that the lithological differences and the different extent of the three 

 groups would have attracted more notice than W. T. Blanford 1 is 

 inclined to suppose, for we had already become acquainted to the 

 south with the patches of shales at Sriperumbudur (Sripermatur), 

 and in the Trichinopoly, Nellore, and Kistna districts ; while I do not 

 myself recollect any case of so distinct a set of beds in all the vast area 

 of Kamthis extending from Chintalpudi right up the valley of the 

 Godavari to the Central Provinces. On lithological grounds alone, 



1 See Manual of the Geology of India, p. 149. 



C 220 ) 



