DECCAN TllAP SERIES. 4)5 



impossible to say whether any portion has been more particularly 

 affected by any possible alteration consequent on the eruption of the 

 traps. The impression produced is, that the limestone band has certainly 

 been altered in some way, and naturally by the trap which was found 

 over it. The fossils are only seen in the less crystalline or clayey 

 seams, 1 which are those that are mainly quarried and picked out, at 

 various points along- the hill side, as when the high-road crosses the out- 

 crop in descending from Pungadi towards Gowripatnam and in the bay 

 south of that village. Here, the uppermost layer is an Ostrea (0. pan- 

 gadiensis) bed, which in some places is chalky- white and crumbly, with 

 nodules of hard compact limestone. The Ostrea are also found scattered 

 about on the ground, having weathered out of the rock. The other 

 fossils are seen here and there throughout the middle of the seam in 

 hard half -weathered grey limestone, the bivalves being particularly 

 crowded together. Much of the seam in the valley south of Gowripatnam 

 is of thick beds of coarsely and finely sub-crystalline yellowish rock 

 with nests and strings of more lustrous brown and grey saccharine lime- 

 stone and calc-spar. The upper bed or layer is at times a pale-brown 

 or yellowish (weathering of a darker colour) sub-crystalline limestone, 

 the Ostrea standing out on the weathered surface but scarcely recogniz- 

 able in the interior and unweathered portion of the rock. To the west 

 of Diidkur, the band of limestone again becomes very thin and is 

 eventually scarcely recognizable to the south of Devarapili. 



The dip of this seam to the south or south-east is very slight, in 

 fact, it is often almost horizontal. 



I obtained the following fossils from the Pun- 

 gadi outcrop : — 



? Nassa. 



Pseudoliva elegans, Hislop. 



Natica stoddardi, Hislop. 

 ? „ 2 sp. 



Cerithium sulcylindraceum, Hislop. 



1 The massive beds are less easily quarried, and, as the principal use for the stone is 

 for lime-making, the contractors prefer to collect it from weathered outcrops. 



( 239 ) 



Fossils. 



