INTRODUCTORY. 19 



lying- the numniulitic limestone and some found at Jhirak, in Sind, and 

 at Muscat, in Arabia. Here also, so far as the Jhirak deposit is concerned, 

 at all events, Dr. Carter is perfectly correct, the beds at the last-named 



locality being" identical with those of Lainyan. 



The second note is a brief communication on the quality of the coal 

 from Lainyan, also by Dr. Carter ; this occurs in the Proceedings of the 

 same Society for June 1857, and is also published in the sixth volume of 

 the Journal, Appendix, page xxxvi. The coal is shown to be similar to 

 that of some other tertiary formations. 



The next two papers referring* to Sind are those to which allusion 

 has already been made as affording" the only important addition to the 

 palaeontology of the country since the work of D'Archiac and Haime on 

 the nummulitic fauna of India. The first of these papers, in order of ap- 

 pearance, was one by Mr. H. M. Jenkins " On some 



Jenkins, 1864. 



tertiary mollusca from Mount Sela, in the Island of 



Java" (Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., xx, page 45) . In this a species of Vicarya 



was described as closely allied to the type of the genus described by Messrs. 



D'Archiac and Haime from Sind. The fossils occurring associated with 



the Javanese Vicarya, however, pointed so unmistakeably to a later age 



than eocene, that Mr. Jenkins was led to enquire into the question whether 



some of the Sind fossils might not also be derived from a higher horizon, 



and he found that several, having the same matrix as Vicarya verneuili, were 



miocene forms in Europe. This probability of the existence of miocene 



beds in Sind was confirmed by Professor P. Martin 

 Martin Duncan, 1864. - . • . . . , . 



Duncan, who furnished a note tor insertion in 



Mr. Jenkins' paper (1. c, page 66), and who shortly after published, in 

 the Annals and Magazine of Natural History, for April, 1864 (Ser. 3, 

 xiii, page 295), descriptions of a considerable number of Sind corals not 

 noticed in MM. D'Archiac and Haime's work. These descriptions raised 

 the number of corals known to occur in the tertiary rocks of Sind from 

 17 to 42, and a large proportion of the additions belonged to genera 

 unknown below the miocene, some indeed having pliocene or recent affini- 

 ties. Several of the fossils were from Karachi, and, the only fossiliferous 



( 19 ) 



