GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS. 39 



Vera and north-west of Kotri, and throughout the area of Ranikot beds 

 near Jhirak and Tatta. In this part of the country there appears to be a 

 complete passage upwards into the overlying nummulitic limestone 

 (Khirthar) ; but in the Laid range, the upper marine beds of the Ranikot 

 group are poorly represented or wanting, and it is evident that they 

 were removed by denudation before the deposition of the Khirthar lime- 

 stone, for the latter is seen at Hothian Pass resting upon their denuded 

 edges. 



The greatest thickness of the Ranikot group in the Laki range, 



where alone, as has already been explained, the 

 Thickness. ....... 



base of the group is visible, is about 2,000 feet, but 



generally the amount is rather less, about 1,500. It must, however, be 

 recollected that in this locality some of the upper marine beds are 

 wanting, and as these marine limestones, and their intercalated shales, 

 sandstones, &c, are 700 or 800 feet thick, in places north-west of 

 Kotri, it is evident that the original development of the group exceeded 

 the 2,000 feet seen in the Laki range. 



The following are some of the commonest or most important fossils 

 of the Ranikot group. The large collections 

 made by the Geological Survey have as yet only 

 been partially examined, and the lists of fossils given can be consi- 

 dered only preliminary, 1 many of the commonest species being undes- 

 cribed forms : — 



Cephalopoda. 



Nautilus suhjleuriausianus. \ N.forbesi. 



N. dehici. I 



i As in other lists in this chapter, most of the nanr.es are taken from D'Archiac and 

 Haime's " Animaux fossiles du groupe Nummulitique de l'lnde." As already stated, p. 4, 

 I am indebted to Prof. T. Rupert Jones for the names of the Nummulites, and of some of 

 the other Foraminifera, which he very kindly compared and determined. The Mollusca, 

 Echinodermata, &c, have been determined partly by Mr. Fedden, partly by myself, the 

 greater share of the work having been done by Mr. Fedden. 



( od ) 



