7G blanford: geology of western sind. 



of Miagwan mountain, a mass of limestone, rising to an elevation of 

 5 093 feet, just inside the British Frontier ; Gaj (miocene) beds also 

 appear, with the same reversed dip, in the valley of a small stream, the 

 Mitha Nai (Mithoowaree of inch map), close to Kitchi. The rocks are 

 very ill-seen, being much concealed by fragments of nummulitic lime- 

 stone which have fallen from the hills above. The Nari beds appear 

 to be turned over again to the westward, and then faulted against the 

 Khirthar limestones ; but the section is obscure and probably complicated 



by several faults. 



At the northern extremity of the range, no rocks above the Nari lime- 



„e stones are seen, the Khirthar beds, with patches 

 First appearance ot > } r 



Manchhar beds. f Nari 1 resting on them in places, rising directly 



from the alluvial plain ; but Manchhar beds (pliocene) appear at the base 

 of the ran^e a little north of Kitchi, where the conglomerates which 

 usually cap the group form a ridge of almost vertical strata running 

 nearly north and south. Gaj beds appear at the same place. Many copi- 

 ous springs of water issue from the eastern or outer 

 side of this ridge, and are used for irrigation. 

 One of these springs, which supplies the village of Kitchi, has a tem- 

 perature of 85.° It is not easy to see why the springs originate at this 

 v f Manchhar S P ^* Where the conglomerates first appear, thefe 



wanting. i s no t nearly room to the westward, between them 



and the older Gaj and Nari beds, for the whole thickness of the Manchhar 

 group, as developed immediately to the southward. Either a great 

 thickness of the beds is cut out by a fault, or the conglomerates must be 

 unconformable to the remainder of the group ; for it is improbable that 

 the beds of the latter thin out in so short a distance. 



On the ascent of Miagwan from Surk, nummulitic (Khirthar) 



limestone appears about half way up, all the lower 



slopes being composed of Manchhar beds. Near 



the boundary both rocks are squeezed and turned up. Some Nari beds 



are seen greatly crushed at one spot, and fragments of Gaj limestone 



1 Coloured as Gaj on the accompanying map by mistake. 



( 76 ) 



