KHIRTHAR RANGE. 77 



also occur, but in such a manner as to show that both are probably only 

 fragmentary masses squeezed into a fault. The faulting is of course, in 

 reality, more complicated than it is represented on the map. 



The Khirthar limestone on the top of Miagwan is nearly horizontal, 

 Khirthar and Nari an( * continues so along the range to Dharyaro 

 beds of Dharyaro ridge. ( c l 0S e to Kutta-jo-Kabar). To the eastward the 

 rock turns sharply over on Miagwan and for some distance to the south, as 

 on the Drib stream. To the westward the limestone dips towards the 

 Sain stream, which runs in the bottom of a synclinal, and there is a 

 smaller synclinal east of the main water-shed in the upper valley of the 

 Kenji. The crest of the range appears to consist throughout of grey 

 Khirthar limestone, but on all the slopes Nari beds appear, being con- 

 spicuous from their brown colour ; broad patches of these brown lime- 

 stones occur on both sides of the Sain valley, whilst large horizontal or 

 nearly horizontal masses form the terraced hills known as Larkane-jo- 

 Man and Kuni- jo-Man. Similarly large patches occur in the upper 

 valley of the - Kenji, above Chushang, and in a similar form, that of 

 flat-topped hills, only the brown limestones at the base of the group 

 remaining. On the flanks of Dharyaro and the range to the southward, 

 the same brown limestone extends up the slopes of the hills, far above 

 the limit of the overlying Nari sandstones, every stream course which 

 runs down the hill side cutting deeply through the brown Nari rock 

 into the grey or white Khirthar limestone beneath it. The bed of 

 Khirthar limestone forming the upper portion of the range at Dharyaro 

 and in its neighbourhood is very thick, 1,000 feet at least, and almost 

 devoid of distinct stratification. 



The small plateau of Dharyaro is about 5,000 feet above the sea, 



and consists of a flat expanse of arable ground, 

 Dharyaro plateau. 



nearly a mile in length, surrounded by barren 



limestone rises. Kutta-jo-Kabar, the culminating peak of the range, 



lies just south of the plain and about 1,000 feet above it. There is no 



apparent outlet to the Dharyaro plain ; the surplus rain water evidently 



finds its way out through clefts in the limestone. Of these there are 



( 77 ) 



