KHIRTHAR RANGE. 101 



The conglomerate at the top of the Manchhars forms a low ridge, but 

 Manchhar beds on Nari the bed has nothing like the thickness shown at 

 ■ Nai - the Gaj. Beneath this conglomerate there is a 



great thickness of pinkish and buff clays and marls, followed in 

 descending order by the lower Manchhar grey sandstone, with Indian-red, 

 buff, and brown sands, marls and clays, and the usual conglomeratic bands, 

 with occasional bones, near the base of the group. In one of these beds, 

 a short distance south of the stream, and 800 or 400 feet above the base 

 of the group, some bones and teeth of mammalia and reptilia were pro- 

 Estuarine fossils in cured, and with them a few ill-preserved mollusca. 

 Manchhar beds. r^ ^ e( j cons i s t s f a very dark sandstone, with 



numerous fragments of clay and pebbles, or concretions of soft limestone. 

 One of the shells is a CeritMum, approaching Vicar y a in appearance, 

 another is Coriula trigonalis. This is an additional link between the 

 Gaj and Manchhar beds, and appears to show that locally, even in Upper 

 Sind, estuarine conditions existed in Manchhar times. In Southern Sind 

 near the coast the interstratification of marine or estuarine beds in the 

 Manchhar group is of common occurrence. 



CHAPTER V.— HILLS NEAR SUKKUR AND ROHRI. 



Before proceeding farther south into Lower Sind, it will be most con- 

 venient to describe the remarkable range of isolated 

 hills near Sukkur and Rohri. These hills form a 

 rocky area, surrounded on all sides, except the south, by the alluvial plain 

 of the Indus, and slightly broken up at their northern extremity, where 

 they are intersected by the river. To the south the rock is covered up 

 by blown sand, but the latter, farther to the southward, appears to rest 

 on alluvium. 



The rock exposed consists of white and yellowish nummulitic lime- 

 stone, much softer and less compact than in the 

 Rocks exposed. Khirthar Range, but containing the nummulites 



characteristic of the Khirthar group. On the western side of the hills, 



( 101 ) 



