SOUTH-WESTERN PORTION OF KARACHI COLLECTORATE. 167 



Ft. 

 Brought forward ... 30 



with Pecten and Ostrea. Some layers are made up of fine fragments 

 of organisms ... ... ... ... ... 55 



3. Yellow shelly limestone, open textured, ragged or soft, sandy and gritty 



in parts, with Operculina, Lunulites, &c; the upper part, as above, 

 composed of a mass of organic fragments ... ... ... 62 



4. Irregular ill-defined marly deposits, with much coral, both detached 



and in mass. ... ... ... ... ,.. 14 



5. Ragged beds made up mostly of organic fragments, oyster shells pre- 



dominating, with Bryozoa, club-shaped spines of Echinoderms, 

 Clypeaster, &c. ... ... ... ... ... 3 



6. Close-grained marly white limestone, chiefly organic, and other beds 



similar to those just above ... ... ... ... 16 



Total ... 180 



The beds dip to the south-east at low angles, varying in different 

 parts of the section from 7° to 10° or 12°. In general, however, the rocks 

 are nearly horizontal, and in the cliffs around the hills to the north and 

 north-west the beds of white, pale-brown, and yellowish limestones, all 

 pale coloured, have a peculiar appearance from unequal weathering, 

 so that overhanging ledges, supported by irregular masses sometimes 

 taking the form of pillars, are not uncommon. The limestone beds are 

 frequently very rubbly, as if made up of irregular fragments. Amongst 

 the fossils found in these beds are Kuphus rectus, Pecten suhcorneus, 

 Ostrea Tiyotis, 0. multicostata, Spondylus sp., Clypeaster halaensis, Breynia 

 carinata, &c. 



Farther to the south-west along the road higher Gaj beds are seen, 



the uppermost members of the group being fairly 

 Gaj beds near Damb. 



exposed to the east of the next encamping ground 



at Damb, 16 miles west-south-west of Khadeji. They are sandy and 



muddy calcareous beds, containing Balanus, casts of various Lamellibran- 



chiata, as Area, Venus, &c, Ostrea multicostata, Pecten bouei, P. favrei, 



Turritella, &c. Near Damb Manchhar beds come in, but very little rock 



is seen at the surface, and the greater portion of that exposed consists of 



the sub-recent beds which occupy so large a portion 



Sub-recent . beds near f t ^ e p i a i n nor th-east of Karachi. There is a great 

 Damb. L 



quantity of calcareous conglomerate, passing in 



( 167 ) 



