34 WYNNE : TRANS-INDUS EXTENSION OF THE PUNJAB SALT RANGE. 



in the Marwat range for instance, drab clays form much of the upper- 

 most part of the Siwalik group. 



Compared with the Siwalik beds elsewhere, the formation here, from 

 the Indus westward, particularly the upper part beneath the very upper- 

 most beds, presents an unusual absence of clays and a preponderance of 

 thick soft gray sandstones. 



It is quite uncertain whether the conglomerate of eocene limestone 

 fragments and some accompanying sandstones which in places form the 

 base of the series should be united with the Siwaliks or attributed to some 

 early post-eocene period. The Siwalik group, besides occupying so 

 much of the trans-Indus extension of the Salt Range, seems to form most 

 of the outer Sulemani ranges beyond the frontier. 



In my memoir on the Salt Range at pages 108, 10$, I have noticed 

 the observation by Mr. Medlicott 1 that in the east Salt Range the newer 

 tertiary, i.e., Siwalik rocks, come immediately upon the Salt Range num- 

 mulitie limestone and rest upon a denuded surface of the latter rock. 

 The same observation is repeated even more forcibly in the lately pub- 

 lished Geological Survey Manual, pages 506, 512, and elsewhere, but the 

 points alluded to in support of the opinion are all capable of a different 

 explanation. 2 



Notwithstanding the strength of the assertions in the Manual, I 

 am still of opinion that there does exist, both in the Salt Range and in 

 parts of the present district, a band of tertiary sandstones, &c, litholo- 

 gically somewhat different from the upper tertiary Siwalik beds, and 

 more or less closely identical with certain of the Murree beds : identical 

 also with the supra-nummulitic beds of the Kohat salt region which can 

 be traced into the Murree group of the north side of the Rawalpindi 

 plateau, lying not far from, and lower in the series than, where the pre- 

 Siwalik fauna of Kushalgarh is said to have been found (Manual, 

 pp. 514, 515). 



1 Mem. Geol. Surv. India, Vol. Ill, 2, p. 91 : Rec. Geol. Surv. India, Vol. IX, p. S6. 



2 See Rec. Geol. Surv., Vol. X, pp. 115, 117, 118 : Mem., Vol. XIV, pp. 109 & 139, m& 

 foot note to the last, with several references to Mem. Geol. Surv., India, Vol. XI, pt. 2. 



( 244 ) 



