NEIGHBOURHOOD OF KaLABaGH. 37 



" rocks. It has a municipality and an old standing grievance ; for as Government 

 " levies a duty of about 8*. and 4id. on every hundredweight of salt quarried in the 

 " range, and as half the town is built of salt and on salt, the people are fined heavily 

 " should they attempt to eat their houses, and tbeir cattle when they loiter by the 

 " way in order to lick the rocks or the house walls are ordered to " move on " by 

 " stern-visaged constables whose mud and salt-built sentry boxes are perched about 

 " on every commanding knoll." 



The hill directly overlooking the town rises about 2,000 feet above 

 Hill overlooking the ^ ne Indus and carries on the north-north-west 

 town - strike of the western part of the Salt Range up 



the right bank of the Lun nala. It presents a curiously deficient and 

 strangely discordant assemblage of the geological series beyond the 

 river. Round the southern end of the hill and extending a short way 

 up the Lun valley (or " Drung gorge ") the red salt-marl, salt, and gypsum 

 of the saline series are largely exposed, but in such disorder and so 

 contorted that the stratification, where any is seen, can scarcely be said 

 to lie in one way more than another. 



At the salt quarries in the Lun valley, there is a general dip of the 

 salt beds and saline group for 200 feet up the hill 



Salt quarries, Lun nala. 



side at 40 and 70 to the west ; while a directly con- 

 trary dip in this saline series is mostly seen on the opposite side of the 

 hill, but the salt beds do not re-appear there. The inclinations are 

 chiefly marked by gypsum and dolomitic layers' in the marl. 



The next rocks above (if not in) the salt-marl are some 50 feet of 



Next rocks seen above dark-coloured shales overlying a hard band of 



the salt-marl. thin-bedded, dense, white dolomitic limestone with 



a narrow layer of granular quartzitic grit. In the shales are also dolomite 



layers of a dark gray colour, with rusty patches and pyritous cavities. 



The purple sandstone, which ought to succeed the salt-marl, is absent, 

 nor have any other of the palaeozoic groups of the country been observed 

 until the carboniferous limestones, &c, appear. 



The last-named rocks, in a ravine a mile north of the village, form a 



steep, sharply compressed, nearly east and west 

 Carboniferous. . . 



anticlinal told apparently Jet into its present place- 



( 247 ) 



