122 GEOLOGICAL SUEVEY OF THE TEKEITOSIES. 



eitlier side, no provision beiug required oii accoaut of water. The coal 

 is glistening black, bresaking in rectangular blocks, and occurs in 

 an upper bed of 8^ to 8f feet thick, and a lower one of 3 to 3 J feet, sep- 

 arated by a slate parting of 1^ feet. The property is owned by the 

 Kansas Pacific Road, and it is connected by railroad with Hughes, on 

 the Denver Pacific. In 1872 the amount frequently taken out daily 

 was 200 tons. For analysis see Table A, No. 19. 



In passing up the eastern banks of Coal Creek from the Erie mine, 

 we first pass the Eulner coal-bank, and in about four miles reach the 

 Baker or Douglass coal-bed, range 67 west, township 1 south, sec- 

 tion 6. 



The Erie coal horizon ha^ meanwhile risen higher and higher on the 

 hills, and at the Baker mine appears some 200 feet above the outcrops then 

 worked. The bed is 4^ or 5 feet thick, dipping at a low angle eastward 

 into the hill, and produces a " coal very different in appearance from that 

 of the other mines. A part is a dull jet-black, hard and brittle, break- 

 ing in cuboidal fragments, and streaks of this cannel-like character are 

 seen in the more brilliant varieties that are also found. Iron pyrites in 

 extremely thin disks, and resin also, are noticed in this coal. Two or 

 three other small beds appear in the bank of the creek, and in the slates 

 or shales over them are courses of kidney ore." (Hodge. See analysis 

 18, table A.) 



Davidson's opening, range 69 west, township 1 south, section 6. This 

 coal, which was found in 1869 near the summit, of the high ground lying 

 about six miles west of the Baker mine, is about 3J feet thick, and 

 probably lies far above the main coal-horizon. 



Alan opening, range 70 west, township 1 south, section 13, northeast 

 corner of the northwest corner. 



Barber opening, range 70 west, township 1 south, section 15, north- 

 east corner of the southeast corner. 



Marshall mine, range 70 west, township 1 south, section 16, northeast 

 corner of southeast corner, on the east side of the valley of the South 

 Bowlder Creek, about five miles southeast of Bowlder City, and twenty- 

 two or twenty-three miles north-northwest of Denver. This mine 

 was among the earliest worked in Colorado. It was in operation in 1863, 

 has been worked with no material interruption since, and stands among 

 the best mines of the Territory. Eleven seams of coal are said to be 

 recognized here, amounting in all to a thickness of 63 feet in a thickness 

 of beds of 500 or 600 feet. Several of these have been opened and 

 worked, the principal one of which is the lowest in the formation. This 

 bed is nearly horizontal, dipping easterly but 8°, and having an east 

 and west vertical cleavage. It is worked to a thickness of from 10 to 12 

 feet, through the whole of which the coal is remarkably free from slate 

 and other impurities. It contains very little pyrites in thin disks, and 

 some resin in small particles. In the mine the freshly-exposed face pre- 

 sents a beautifully brilliant appearance, and the coal is so found that a 

 cubic block of it, said to weigh over three tons, was taken out for exhi- 

 bition at the fair at Denver. In 1870, according to Hodge, the two par- 

 allel headings or levels by which this bed is worked had penetrated to a 

 distance of 600 feet, being driven in from the north side of the hill, and 

 rising a little up the slope of the bed. From there rooms are worked on 

 either side, but chiefly up the slope. In the other direction, the bed 

 passes under a meadow where the coal will have to be worked and 

 drained by means of vertical shafts. This bed was then mined for $1.25 

 per ton, besides cost of props and keeping the track, &c., in good 

 condition. In 1869 the average amount mined per day was 50 tons ; in 



