159 
The ferns are very abundant and of many types. In the fog- 
covered forests are delicate filmy ferns while in the deep valleys 
of the lower mountains are giant tree ferns whose trunks are 
used in the construction of houses and for fence posts. In 
southern Ecuador I collected a species of Polypodium, probably 
new, with large fleshy tubers like those of Polypodium bifrons. 
I was very much surprised to find in the mountains of Ecuador 
one or more species of Juglans similar to our own black walnut 
and also a hybrid of the native and English walnut (Fig. 2, plate 
234). 
Several species of Berberis, some of ornamental value, were 
seen in the Andes and several species of Tropaeolum are com- 
mon and interesting. The genus Eupatorium occurs in many 
forms in the mountains. Fifty species have been reported from 
Ecuador. I collected thirty-four species during my trip. In the 
wooded mountains and on the high paramos there are many 
species of the heath Family, represented by large shrubs or by 
low creeping plants, while in the wet forests they occur as epi- 
phytes. 
The bleaching of the leaves of Carludovica palmate is illustrated 
in Fig. 1, plate 234. These leaves are used in the region of 
Azogues for making Panama hats. 
We received many courtesies, only a few of which we can 
mention here. Through the kindness of the Central and South 
American Cable Company we were able to keep our home people . 
in touch with us all through the trying days at the close of the 
war when steamer and postal connections were so disarranged. 
We were under special obligations to Mr. George Powell, long the 
general manager of the company in Ecuador and to Mr. F. Wood- 
cock, in charge at Colon. Our genial and efficient consul-general 
at Guayaquil, Dr. Francis W. Goding, was also most helpful. 
It was only through courtesies extended by him that we were 
able to ship our living collections home successfully. Mr. Alfred 
Cartwright, long connected with the British Consular Service at 
Guayaquil, gave us much valuable information regarding the 
plants of Ecuador. 
While in Ecuador we were the guests of the Guayaquil and 
