3 
175 
branden, Wiirtemberg, 6 Dec., 1828. He inherited from his 
father an independent fortune, and occupied himself with botani- 
cal studies. A letter from Alexander von Humboldt, then in 
America, determined him to make that country the field of his 
studies for several years, and he went in 1801 to Santa Fé de 
Bogota, and was for seven years a collaborator of José Mutis, the 
Spanish botanist. On his suggestion, Mutis established in 1801 
an astronomical observatory in Santa Fé, and Koehler provided 
it with valuable instruments. After the death of Mutis in 1808, 
he resolved to finish part of the latter’s work, and, going to Brazil, 
made a thorough study of the palm-trees of that country. The 
civil wars that desolated the northern part of South America 
at that time put a stop to his explorations, and, passing to Peru, 
he visited that country, studying also the political institutions 
of Chili before returning in 1816. He devoted the remainder of 
his life to the publication of the materials he had collected during 
his travels, and read several papers before the academies of 
sciences of Munich and Berlin, of which he was a corresponding 
member. He kept up also a correspondence with Humboldt, 
and furnished him with notes and information which the ex- 
plorer utilized in the revised edition of his travels through Ameri- 
ca. Among his works are “Reise nach Brasilien” (Stuttgart, 
1817); “Wanderungen in Peru und Chile” (2 vols., 1815); 
“Karte yon dem panamischen Isthmus’ (Munich, 1521); 
“Flora Brasiliensis” (4 vols., Berlin, 1821-3); “Flora Vene- 
zuliensis” (4 vols., 1822); “Studien tiber den dffentlichen Unter- 
richt in Chile’ (Stuttgart, 1823); “‘Reisen durch Nordwest- 
Venezuela” (Leipsic, 1824); “Genera et species palmarum 
(Stuttgart, 1825); “Sertum Peruanum”’ (2 vols., Berlin, 1826), 
“Institutiones botanicae” (Stuttgart, 1827); and “Conspectus 
st? 
g : 
polygalorum florae Brasilicae meridionalis” (2 vols., Berlin, 
1827). 
[Wholly fictitious. Some of the bibliography given was evi- 
dently suggested by certain publications of Martius (1794- 
1868) and of Saint-Hilaire (1799-1853), but the titles modified 
and dates altered.] 
LOTTER, Frederic August, German botanist, b. in Kleinaupe, 
Moravia, in 1741; d. in Gotha in 1806. He studied in Prague, 
and in 1789 was attached as botanist to the expedition that 
Was sent by the Spanish government around the world under 
command of Capt. Malaspina. Lotter being taken sick inl 
Concepcion, Chili, was unable to accompany the expedition. 
