72 Transactions.— Zoology. 
Genus Anthura, Leach. 
(Bate’s and Westwood’s Brit. Sessile-eyed Crust., vol. ii., p. 157.) 
Anthura affinis, sp.nov. Plate L, fig 4. 
Segments of pereion subequal, cylindrieal. Head somewhat shorter than 
the first segment of pereion. Antenne short, not quite so long as the head ; 
upper much smaller than the lower, consisting of four joints, of which the 
basal one is the largest, and a very small fifth joint bearing a small pencil 
of sete ; lower antenns thick and strong, basal joint large, broad, with a 
groove above in which the upper antenna rests, the inner edge of this basal 
joint is straight and in close contact with that of the antenna on other side, 
along the median line ; basal joint followed by three subequal joints, and a 
short, thick, rudimentary flagellum, the joints of which bear sets thickly 
set on one side. 
First pair of legs very strong, not reaching beyond the head ; basos very 
thick distally, ischios also thick and strong, meros short, carpus subtri- 
angular, produced along the side of the propodos, and bearing sets on its 
distal extremity; propodos thick, ovate, in contact with both meros and 
carpus, palm short with a strong projection against which the dactylos 
impinges ; dactylos short, strong, and curved. Remaining legs all similar, 
not subchelate, propodos longer than the carpus and meros together. First 
five segments of the pleon united so closely that the lines of suture cannot 
be distinguished, sixth segment distinct bearing biramous appendages ; 
outer ramus of a single joint, half as long as the inner, semicylindrical 
surrounding the inner ramus, its upper inner edge serrate and fringed with 
long sete very delicately plumose; inner ramus of two joints equal in 
length and breadth, broad, edges fringed with long sete; telson broad, 
round at end, with several long set; near the centre. 
Colour—pale yellow with blotehes of blaek on the head, segments of 
pereion, pleon and telson. Length about 4 of an inch. 
Hab. Lyttelton Harbour. Found on seaweed at low tide. 
This species is a true Anthura, coming apparently near to A. gracilis, 
from which however it is sufficiently distinct. 
The first pair of legs only are chelate, all the rest are simple; they 
have the dactylos large and strong, the end forming a claw distinct from 
the basal portion; at the base of this claw three or four simple setze 
arise laterally, and a short stout one on the inside. There is also a 
short stout seta on the inner distal angle of the propodos (pl. L., fig. 4 ¢ 
and d). 
The pleopoda are of the usual form, having a short basal joint bearing 
two equal oval plates with the distal margins setose. Each of these bran- 
chial plates is slightly constricted on each side, half way between the two 
