828 Transactions.— Botany. 
and gathered that elegant species in its native forests, where it is often to be 
met with. There is much however at first sight, and with only immature 
flowering specimens, to confound this species with that plant; indeed, it is 
only by careful examination of several fresh specimens, dissection and com- 
parison, that their specifie differences are perceived, which are chiefly in 
the labellum, its form and the number and size of its lamelle (which in 
D. cunninghamii are always 5); the colour, too, of its flowers is widely 
different, these are also smaller and much fewer in number, usually only 
2 on a peduncle, and never assume the panicle form; and also its dwarf 
terrestrial habit. 
Obs. ITI.—I believe this plant to be identical with the D. biflorum of 
A. Richard, which was originally discovered by Lesson, the naturalist of 
the French expedition under D'Urville, in Tasman's Bay, Cook Straits, in 
1827, and published by Lesson and Richard, with a very full description 
and a folio plate, in 1882 ; and, therefore, I have great pleasure in naming 
it after its original discoverer. That New Zealand species, however, was 
confounded by them with D. biflorum of Swartz, (then a very little known 
species, discovered by G. Forster when with Captain Cook in the Society 
Islands), which species, though very nearly allied, bears only two lamelle 
on its labellum. On R. Cunningham re-discovering* the Northern New 
Zealand plant, (which now bears his name,) it was described by Lindley 
with a plate,t as being quite distinct from the D. biflorum of Swartz. 
Lindley, however, believed Richard’s New Zealand South Island plant to 
be identical with Cunningham’s North Island one, D. cunninghamii. And 
I think that Sir J. D. Hooker, subsequently adopting Dr. Lindley's 
opinion, also believed Richard’s South Island plant to be the same as our 
Northern one ; which it certainly closely resembles at first sight in many 
particulars, although Richard’s life-size plate with dissections shows a 
difference, particularly in its 4-crested labellum. 
Genus 12. Pterostylis, Br. 
Pterostylis emarginata, sp. nov. 
Stem stout (nearly as thick as a goose-quill), erect, reddish (light brick- 
red), 10-16 in. high, 3-4 scarious bracts below, leafy in the upper half; 
leaves 6 in number, membranous, glabrous, shining, slightly spreading, 
alternate, 5-7 in. long, 4 in. broad, linear-acuminate, obscurely 2-nerved 
longitudinally, a little shorter than the flower, sessile, vaginant, very stoutly 
keeled, midrib thick 1 line wide, reddish. Flower membranaceous, striped 
white and green, rather large, 2-2} in. long including tails of sepals but 
excluding ovary, erect, lower lip of perianth ascending, 4 in. broad below 
* It is said to have been originally discovered by Banks and Solander in 1769. 
t Botanical Register, tab. 1756. 
