972 | Transactions.— Geology. 
in composition, and, as previously mentioned, the top and bottom of the 
same seam will frequently be quite different :— 
ixe Hydr . 
carbon, in. Water, Ash. 
Springfield = .> 47°90 41:80 6:30 4:00 
Brockley n cor A0 35-22 11-79 2-80 
Springfield .. 50:60 38:80 1:80 2:80 
Ayers (thin Pine) «8201 3°69 4:89 39:41 
Brockley s .. 53:29 32:04 12:65 2:02 
. Hill’s mine du. i» 09: dU 83:97 9-98 2°75 
Springfield i. 2. 56°50 30°90 4:20 9:40 
Hill's mine Es «s: DU DO 33°78 3:89 2-94 
Williamson's .. .. 61:90 26°80 *90 10:40 
Kowhai 2. 610 35:40 1.60 1:90 
Ayers (thiek eee .. 62°21 18:99 5:20 13:60 
Springfield b 63°20 23°60 3:20 “00 
Rakaia Gorge .. .. 6451 21:27 6776 1:46 
Acheron x n. 65:80 5:38 4:57 24-25 
Kowhai ». Cele 14-10 2-20 17:60 
Malvern Hills +. 67°49 17°89 2:12 12:50 
Hart's mine 69:62 14-92 2°77 12:69 
Malvern Hills . 78:04 16:60 3:60 5:86 
Kowhai T 80-01 10°95 6°50 2°54 
Malvern Hills 83:20 12:310 2-20 2°50 
88:9 
vs E 8:17 1:92 
Semibituminous Coals.—The only coals of this class of which we know 
anything are those from the well-known Kawakawa colliery at the Bay of 
Islands, the output from which for the year 1881 was 50,277 tons, or about 
+ of the total quantity of coal raised in New Zealand during that year. 
The mine is worked in a seam which is from 4 feet to 15 feet thick, and the 
coal has an average composition of — 
Fixed carbon .. s E o 6059 
Hydro-earbon. š 38°10 
Water n i 4'19 
AUR X. oh = Sy ae MIS: 
100: 
It varies a good deal in its physical characters, being sometimes exceedingly 
hard and at others quite soft, but the-composition is moderately constant. 
It is an excellent steam coal, and is largely used on the coasting steamers. 
The same class of coal also occurs at Preservation Inlet in Otago, where 
it is found in thin impure seams, having the following average compo- 
sition :— 
Fixed carbon .. E: ee ic MUST. 
Hydro-earbon.. i s -« 28206 
Water .. Mes s pea R 4:37 
åh 5 E idi es 35 6-20 © 
100-00 
