952 Transactions.— Zoology. 
in shoals, About the month of March they go up to spawn. I have fished 
at the mouth of the same river at all seasons in the salt water and caught 
lots of so-called herrings, which are, I believe, a kind of mullet, but never 
caught a single grayling at any time. They remain about a month, and 
then not one to be seen higher or lower." 
Notwithstanding this negative evidence obtained from Mr. Norgrove, Iam 
Still inclined to think that the grayling does resort to the sea. When I 
consider the small size and nature of the Maitai river, I cannot otherwise 
account for their disappearance during a portion of the year. From its source 
in Landtrap Gully to its mouth is a straight line for from seven to eight miles, 
running over a rocky floor the greater portion of that distance. How could 
immense numbers of fish such as were formerly found conceal themselves, 
and again, where are the smallfish? No one seems ever to have seen 
grayling less than six inches in length, nor have the large fish been seen 
except in shoals. 
From a still smaller stream, the Waitohi, in Picton, where grayling 
have been taken, I endeavoured to procure information, but could not get 
such as I could rely on. It is impossible to observe their habits in the 
large rivers, such as the Wairau, Pelorus, or Waimea, owing to their rising 
amongst inaccessible mountains, but wherever they have been seen it has 
been in shoals always making up stream. 
The sea-mullet ascends the Pelorus river during very warm weather, 
five or six miles above the tide-way. On one occasion in the autumn in 
a net set for them I caught some grayling which seemed to have been 
swimming along with the mullet. In this river they do not enter any of 
the small back streams but confine themselves to the Rai Valley branch 
and the main stream. This may be owing to the river being surrounded 
with bush from its mouth to its source. They can therefore find shelter 
wherever they go. 
Such is the information I am able to furnish. It leaves the question, 
Is the grayling a fresh-water fish ? unanswered, but it may assist in throw- 
ing some light on their habits. 
Art. XXXIIL — Supplementary Description of Species or Varieties of Chryso- 
phani (Lepidoptera rhopalocera) inhabiting New Zealand. 
By R. W. Ferepay, C.M.E.S.L. 
Plate VIII 
[Read before the Philosophical Institute of Canterbury, 2nd August, 1877.] 
Ix the last volume of our “ Transactions" * will be found some “ Brief 
observations on the genus Chrysophanus, as represented in New Zealand,” 
* “Trans. N.Z. Inst.,” IX, 460. 
