426 



INDEX 



Intestine, 116, 117, 210, 225, 228; of 

 earthworm, 119; large, 118, 120; 

 small, 117, 120 



invagination, HI, 220, 221, 224 



Invertase, 56, 146 



Invertebrates, age of primitive, 315; di- 

 gestive systems in, IIG; hermaprodi- 

 tism in, 190; levers in, 133-135; 

 locomotor systems in, 133; origin of 

 germ cells in, 207; oviparous and 

 viviparous, 198; pareatal care in, 

 201; reproductive systems in, 129 



Ions, 41, 43, 45, 46 



Iron, oxidation of, forming red beds, 319 



Irritability, 65 



Ischium, 138 



Isogametes, 175, 176 



Isogamy, 176 



Isolation of races, 258 



Isomers, 355 



Isopoda, classified, 270 



Isoptera, classified, 270 



Isosmotic, 46; solutions, 45 



Isotonic, 46; solutions, 45 



Java, ancient man of, 335-336 



Jaw, in elephant series, 322; lower, evolu- 

 tion in elephants, 320; of Mastodon, 

 322 



Jejunum, 117 



Jelly fishes, 106; birth stages in, 202; 

 classified, 272; fertilization in, 192, 

 194; viviparity in, 195 



Jennings, 61, 62 



Jurassic, 331; in time scale, 315 



Kangaroos, birth stages in, 201; parental 



care in, 201 

 Kansas, 183 

 Karyokinesis, 70, 71 

 Keratin, 32 



Keratosa, classified, 269 

 Kidney, 120; blood in, 152; excretion in, 



150, 151; of frog, diagram of, 127; 



in lizard, 195; minute structure in 



fossils, 312; structure of, 126-127 



Labor, division of, 84, 91, 92, 102 

 Lactase, 146 



Lactic acid, formed in muscles, 158 

 Lamarck, Jean Baptiste, 20, 21, 262, 339, 

 356, 359 



Lamprey, 219, 223; classified, 273; cleav- 

 age in, 218; telolecithal embryo of, 

 222 



Land animals, fertilization in, 194; 

 method of bearing young, 198; 

 parental care in, 204, 205 



Language not a racial mark, 335 



Large intestine, 118, 120; digestion in, 

 146 



Larva, 202, 206; care of, 204; develop- 

 ment of, 203; of swale-fly, 232; of 

 various animals, 202-204 



Larvacea, classified, 270 



Larval organs, 203 < 



Larynx, 120, 123 



Learning, revival of, 10 



Lecithins, 40 



Leeches, classified, 273; egg case of, 198 



Leeuwenhoek, Antony von, 14, 15, 166 



Leg, an adaptation, 275; of insect, figure 

 of, 134; of man, figure of, 134 



Leiolopisma laterale, range of, 291 



Lemming, migration of, 300 



Lens, crystalline, 227, 230 



Leopard frog (see Rana pipiens) 



Lepas, 351 



Lepas anatifera, 165 



Lepidoptera, classified, 270 



Lepidosteus osseus, cleavage in, 219 



Leptinotarsa decemlineata, migration of, 

 303, 306 



Leptodactylus albolabris, range of, 291 



Leptomedusa;, classified, 269 



Lernceopoda edwardsii, reactions of, 285 



Leucoplasts, 50 



Levers in invertebrates, 133-135 



Levulose, 147 



Lice, parasitic, 279 



Life histories involving parthenogenesis, 

 181 



Life zones, zoogeographical, 309 



Ligaments, 27, 41, 136 



Light, 164; caused by oxidation of secre- 

 tions, 155; an environmental factor, 

 283 



Lignin, 32 



Limb girdles, generalized, 138 



Limbs, fore and hind, generalized, 138; 

 skeleton of, 137, 138 



Limnadia, nervous system of, 140 



Linear colony, 85 



Lines of evolution, 319 



Lines of force, 73, 79 



