INDEX 



435 



Reproductive systems in invertebrates, 

 129 



Reptiles, 332, 335; age of, 315, 332; copu- 

 latory habits of, 193; fertilization 

 in, 194; hermaphroditism, 191; ovo- 

 viviparity in, 195; parental care in, 

 201; in red beds, 319 



Reptilia, classified, 271, 274 



Respiration, 57, 58, 148; in Amoeba, 150; 

 control of, 163; external, 150; gills 

 in, 148, 149; in Hydra, 150; internal, 

 150; lungs in, 148, 149; movements 

 pertaining to, 148; in Paramecium, 

 150; physical theory of, 149; skin 

 in, 147; trachea? in, 148 



Respiratory apparatus, relation to circu- 

 lation, 123 



Respiratory organs, accessory, 123 



Respiratory system, 114; conditions 

 necessitating, 120; relation to cir- 

 culatory system, 120; types of, 121 



Reticular theory, 37 



Retina, 227, 230 



Revival of learning, 10 



Rhabdocoele turbellarian, figure of, 117 



Rhabdocoelida, classified, 269 



Rheiformes, classified, 271 



Rhinozoa, 263 



Rhizopoda, 30, 175, 180; classified, 268, 

 271 



Rhynchocephalia, classified, 271 



Ribbon snakes (see Thamnophis) 



Ribs, 135 



Rinderpest, a cause of extinction, 307 



Rodentia, classified, 271 



Role of sperm in fertilization, 187-188 



Rose comb, 3o2 



Rotation, 61 



Rotifera, 172; classified, 270, 274 



Rotifers, 181. (See also Rotifera.) 



Rough coats in guinea-pigs, 247-250 



Roimd skulls, in Europe, 258 



Roundworms, 172; classified, 272; ner- 

 vous system of, 139 



Rudimentary wing in Drosophila, 345 



Sacculina, 349, 350, 351 

 Sacral region of vertebral column, 136 

 Sagitta, origin of germ cell in, 207 

 Salamander, 76, 183; cell-bridges in, 34; 

 classified, 274; congregation of sexes, 

 192; disposition of eggs, 198; fer- 

 tilization in, 192 



Salientia, classified, 271 



Saliva, 143 



Salivary digestion (see Digestion) 



Salivary glands, 143; secretion of, 143, 

 144 



Salts, 41, 42; in protoplasm, 38 



Salvelinus fontinalis (see Brook trout) 



Sand dollars, classified, 272 



Saponin, 187 



Sarcode, 26 



Sarcolemma, 113, 157 



Sarcoplasm, 113, 157 



Sarcosporidia, classified, 268 



Sarcostyle, 113, 157, 158 



Scale insects, 181 



Scaphiopus couchii, range of, 290 



Scaphiopus hammondii, range of, 290 



Scaphiopus holhrookii albus, range of, 290 



Scaphiopus holhrookii holhrookii, range of, 

 290 



Scaphiopus hurterii, range of, 290 



Scaphopoda, classified, 269, 273 



Scapula, 138 



Schleiden, Matthias, 19, 25, 29, 70 



Schultze, Max, 26, 166 



Schwann, Theodor, 19, 25, 28, 29, 70, 166 



Sciences, zoological, 6, 12 



Scorpionidea, classified, 270 



Scj^phozoa, classified, 269, 272 



Sea anemones, 106 



Sea cucumbers, 173; classified, 272 



Sea horse, egg carrying in, 201; pouch 

 in, 201 



Sea lilies, classified, 272 



Sea urchin, 172, 187; birth stages in, 202; 

 classified, 272; congregation of, 278; 

 fertilization in, 192; lack of parental 

 care, 198 



Sebaceous materials, glandular secretions, 

 154 



Secondary oocyte, 211, 213 



Secondary sexual characters, develop- 

 ment of, influenced by secretions, 154 



Secondary spermatocytes, 211, 212 



Second filial generation, 244 



Second inter-glacial stage, 336 



Second maturation division, in female, 

 213; in male, 212 



Second polar body, 213 



Secretin, 144, 145, 146, 159 



Secretion, 59; of adrenal glands, 154; 

 diversity of glandular, 154; of gas- 

 tric glands, 144, 146, 153; glands of 



